Cross Index Acidiphilium
SuperSet Prokaryote, Eubacteria Gram-Negative Aerobic/ Microaerophilic Rods and Cocci and Aerobic Chemolithotrophic bacteria and Associated microbes
Compare Gram-Negative Aerobic/ Microaerophilic Rods and Cocci

Acetobacter, Acidiphilium, Acidomonas methanolica , Acidothermus cellulolyticus, Acidovorax, Acinetobacter, Afipia , Agrobacterium, Agromonas oligotrophica , Alcaligenes, Alteromonas, Aminobacter , Aquaspirillum, Azomonas, Azorhizobium caulinodans , Azotobacter , Bacteroides ,Beijerinckia, Bordetella, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Brucella, Chromohalobacter marismortui , Chryseomonas luteola , Comamonas , Cupriavidus necator , Deleya , Derxia gummosa, Ensifer adherans , Erythrobacter longus , Flavobacterium Flavomonas oryzihabitans , Francisella, Frateuria aurantica, Gluconobacter, Halomonas, Hydrogenophaga, Janthinobacterium lividum, Kingella, Lampropedia hyalina, Legionella, Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus , Marinomonas , Mesophilobacter marinus Methylobacillus glycogenes , Methylobacterium , Methylococcus, Methylomonas, Methylophaga , Methylophilus , Methylovorus glucosotrophus, Moraxella, Morococcus cerebrosus , Neisseriaceae, Neisseria, Oceanospirillum , Ochrobactrum anthropi , Oligella , Paracoccus, Phenylobacterium immobile , Phyllobacterium, Pseudomonas, Psychrobacter immobilis , Rhizobacter daucus , Rhizobium, Rhizomonas suberifaciens , Rochalimaea, Roseobacter, Rugomonas rubra, Serpens, Sinorhizobium , Sphingobacterium, Taylorella equigenitalis, Thermoleophilum, Thermomicrobium, Thermus, Variovorax paradoxus, Volcaniella eurhalina , Weeksella, Wolinella Xanthobacter, Xanthomonas, Xyella fastidiosa , Xylophilus ampelinus, Zoogloea ramigera,

Aerobic Chemolithotrophic bacteria and Associated microbes

Nitrifying bacteria:

Sulfur Oxidizing Acidiphilium Macromonas, Thermothrix thiopara Thiobacillus, Thiobacterium, Thiodendron latens, Thiomicrospira, Thiosphaera, Thiospira, Thiovulum majus

Hydrogen Bacteria: Hydrogenbacter thermophilus

Iron & Manganese bacteria: Aquaspirillum , Bilophococcus, Gallionella ferrunginea, Leptospirillum, Metallogenium , Naumanniella, Ochrobium tectum, Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans, Siderocapsa, Siderococcus limoniticus,

Contrast Archaea
Subset Acidipilium cryptum, Acidipilium organovorum, Acidipilium angustum, Acidipilium facilis, Acidipilium rubrum

 

Morphology Acidiphilium
CELLULAR  
Staining Gram-negative
Morphology Straight rods with rounded ends. Strains vary from 0.3 to 1.2 um in diameter and from 0.6 to 4.2 um in length.
Motility Motile by means of a polar flagellum or by means of two lateral flagella. Some few strains are nonmotile
Specialized structures Endospores are not formed
Division  
COLONIAL  
Solid surface In agar media with dilute organic substrates (pH 3) after 2 weeks at 30`C, surface colonies are smooth, opaque, and white, pink, or light brown and are 0.5-2 mm in diameter. In ferrous sulfate- agarose medium used to cultivate Thiobacillus ferroxidans, and lacking added organic material, subsurface colonies of Acidiphilium are barely visible to the unaided eye and are smooth, especially when near a colony of T. ferroxidans, but surface colonies may be lobate and 0.3 mm or less in diameter.
Liquid  

 

Growth Parameters Acidiphilium
PHYSIOLOGICAL  
Tropism Chemoorganotrophic. Upon initial isolation, how-ever, most strains will not grow in concentrations of peptones and extracts customarily employed in organic media. This organism grows in 0.01 Trypticase or 0.0005-0.05% yeast extract, especially if 0.1% glucose is present.
In inorganic media, growth is due to organic impurities in reagents and glassware and from the atmosphere
Oxygen Aerobic.
pH Acidophilic. Grows in the pH range of 2.5-5.9 bur not at pH 6.1. Some strains grow at pH 2.0.
Temperature Mesophilic. Growth is slow below 20`C, is fastest between 31 and 41`C and is absent at 47`C. The cells die rapidly at 67`C.
Requirements Initially, some strains may not grow in " normal' levels of peptone or extracts. These strains may be inhibited by 0.05% peptone but may be stimulated by 0.01% peptone.
Products all strains grow with glucose but it may have to be supplemented with trace amounts of yeast extract. sitrate is utilized.
Enzymes Weakly. catalase-positive
Unique features Will not grow with elemental sulfur, inorganic sulfur compounds, or Fe2+ as source of energy. But weak oxidation of elemental sulfur may occur gratuitously in some strains as cells grow as chemoorganotrophs, and Fe2+ may stimulate growth.

Acetate is NOT used substrate and may be inhibitory
ENVIRONMENTAL  
Habitat common in acidic mineral environments such as pyritic mine drainage, pyritic coal refuse, and copper and uranium mine tailings. It may be isolated unwittingly, with Thiobacillus ferroxidans in Fe2+ enrichment cultures; thus it is a common contaminant in these cultures
Lifestyle  
Pathogenicity  
Distribution  

 

Genome Acidiphilium
G+C Mol % 63-70
   

 

Reference Acidiphilium
First citation Harrison 1981 IJSB 31 327-332
The Prokaryotes p
Bergey's Determinative p 72
References Lobos et al1986 IJSB 36: 139-111
Wichlacz 1986 IJSB 36:197-201