Cross Index	Janthinobacterium lividum
SuperSet	Prokaryote, Eubacteria Gram-Negative Aerobic/ Microaerophilic Rods and Cocci
Compare	Acetobacter, Acidiphilium, Acidomonas methanolica, Acidothermus cellulolyticus, Acidovorax, Acinetobacter, Afipia, Agrobacterium, Agromonas oligotrophica, Alcaligenes, Alteromonas, Aminobacter, Aquaspirillum, Azomonas, Azorhizobium caulinodans, Azotobacter, Bacteroides, Beijerinckia, Bordetella, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Brucella, Chromohalobacter marismortui, Chryseomonas luteola, Comamonas, Cupriavidus necator, Deleya, Derxia gummosa, Ensifer adherans, Erythrobacter longus, Flavimonas oryzihabitans, Flavobacterium, Francisella, Frateuria aurantica, Gluconobacter, Halomonas, Hydrogenophaga, Janthinobacterium lividum, Kingella, Lampropedia hyalina, Legionella, Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus, Marinomonas, Mesophilobacter marinus, Methylobacillus glycogenes, Methylobacterium, Methylococcus, Methylomonas, Methylophaga, Methylophilus, Methylovorus glucosotrophus, Moraxella, Morococcus cerebrosus, Neisseriaceae, Neisseria, Oceanospirillum, Ochrobactrum anthropi, Oligella, Paracoccus, Phenylobacterium immobile, Phyllobacterium, Pseudomonas, Psychrobacter immobilis, Rhizobacter daucus, Rhizobium, Rhizomonas suberifaciens, Rochalimaea, Roseobacter, Rugomonas rubra, Serpens, Sinorhizobium, Sphingobacterium, Taylorella equigenitalis, Thermoleophilum, Thermomicrobium, Thermus, Variovorax paradoxus, Volcaniella eurhalina, Weeksella, Wolinella, Xanthobacter, Xanthomonas, Xyella fastidiosa, Xylophilus ampelinus, Zoogloea ramigera
Contrast	Archaea

 

Morphology

Janthinobacterium lividum

CELLULAR

Staining	Gram-negative, occasionally with barred or bipolar staining and lipid inclusions.
Morphology	Rods 0.8-1.2 x 2.5-6.0 um with rounded ends, sometimes slightly curved. Occur singly, occasionally with some pairs or short chains. Definite capsules are not evident, although sometimes intercellular slime is formed.
Motility	Motile by means of both a single polar flagellum and usually one to four subpolar or lateral flagella.
Specialized structures	No resting stages are known.

Division

COLONIAL

Solid surface

Produce low convex, round, violet colonies.

Liquid

in nutrient broth, a violet ring is formed at the junction of the liquid surface and the container wall

 

Growth Parameters

Janthinobacterium lividum

PHYSIOLOGICAL

Tropism	Chemoorganotrophs Grow on ordinary peptone media. Utilize citrate and ammonia as sole carbon and nitrogen sources for growth and grow rapidly.
Oxygen	Strict aerobes having a strictly respiratory type of metabolism with oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor.
pH	Optimum pH, 7-8; no growth below pH 5.
Temperature	Optimum , 25`C; minimum, 2`C; maximum, 32`C.
Requirements	Growth factors are not required. No growth occurs in media containing 6% or more of NaCl
Products	Acid but no gas is produced from glucose and certain other carbohydrates. Lactate is oxidized to CO2. Indole-negative. Voges-Proskauer-negative. Nitrate and nitrite are reduced, sometimes with visible gas production. Ammonia is formed from peptone
Enzymes	Usually oxidase- ositive by the method of Kovacs (1956), although the violet pigment may interfere with the reading. Catalase-positive. Phosphatase-positive. Arylsulfatase negative
Unique features	Resistant to benzylpenicillin (10 ug/ml) and to vibriostatic agent 0/129 (2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropylpteridine, 30 ug/disc).

ENVIRONMENTAL

Habitat	Soil and water organisms, common in temperate climates.
Lifestyle
Pathogenicity	Occasionally cause food spoilage.

Distribution

 

Genome

Janthinobacterium lividum

G+C Mol %

61-67

 

Reference

Janthinobacterium lividum

First citation	De Ley J., P. Segers and M. Gillis (1978) Intra- and intergeneric similariliites of Chromobacterium and Janthinobacterium ribosomal ribonucleic acid cistrons. IJSB 28:154-168
The Prokaryotes	p
Bergey's Systematatic	p 376 P.H.A. Sneath
Bergey's Determinative	p 85

References