Cross Index	Xylophilus ampelinus
SuperSet	Prokaryote, Eubacteria, Gram-Negative Aerobic/ Microaerophilic Rods and Cocci
Compare	Acetobacter, Acidiphilium, Acidomonas methanolica, Acidothermus cellulolyticus, Acidovorax, Acinetobacter, Afipia, Agrobacterium, Agromonas oligotrophica, Alcaligenes, Alteromonas, Aminobacter, Aquaspirillum, Azomonas, Azorhizobium caulinodans, Azotobacter, Bacteroides, Beijerinckia, Bordetella, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Brucella, Chromohalobacter marismortui, Chryseomonas luteola, Comamonas, Cupriavidus necator, Deleya, Derxia gummosa, Ensifer adherans, Erythrobacter longus, Flavimonas oryzihabitans, Flavobacterium, Francisella, Frateuria aurantica, Gluconobacter, Halomonas, Hydrogenophaga, Janthinobacterium lividum, Kingella, Lampropedia hyalina, Legionella, Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus, Marinomonas, Mesophilobacter marinus, Methylobacillus glycogenes, Methylobacterium, Methylococcus, Methylomonas, Methylophaga, Methylophilus, Methylovorus glucosotrophus, Moraxella, Morococcus cerebrosus, Neisseriaceae, Neisseria, Oceanospirillum, Ochrobactrum anthropi, Oligella, Paracoccus, Phenylobacterium immobile, Phyllobacterium, Pseudomonas, Psychrobacter immobilis, Rhizobacter daucus, Rhizobium, Rhizomonas suberifaciens, Rochalimaea, Roseobacter, Rugomonas rubra, Serpens, Sinorhizobium, Sphingobacterium, Taylorella equigenitalis, Thermoleophilum, Thermomicrobium, Thermus, Variovorax paradoxus, Volcaniella eurhalina, Weeksella, Wolinella, Xanthobacter, Xanthomonas, Xyella fastidiosa, Xylophilus ampelinus, Zoogloea ramigera
Contrast	Archaea

 

Morphology

Xylophilus ampelinus

CELLULAR

Staining	Gram negative
Morphology	straight or slightly curved rods (0.4-0.8 x 0.6-3.3 um) Filamentous cells (30 um or more) may occur in older cultures. Cells occur singly, in pairs or in short chains
Motility	single polar flagellum
Specialized structures

Division

COLONIAL

Solid surface

Colonies on nutrient agar are circular, semitranslucent, slightly raised, glistening and pale yellow eith entire margins. After 6 days the colonies are 0.2-0.3 mm in diameter. After 15 days the colonies are 0.6-0.8 mm in diameter

Liquid

 

Growth Parameters

Xylophilus ampelinus

PHYSIOLOGICAL

Tropism	chemoorganotroph
Oxygen	strict aerobe
pH
Temperature	optimum 24 oC range 6-30 oC
Requirements	Grow is generally slow and poor even under optimum conditions. Best growth on agar containing 1% yeast extract, 2% D-galactose, 2% CaCO3 and 2% agar. Growth occurs on media with L-glutamine but not on calcium lactate (contrast with Xanthomonas)
Products	nitrates not reduced. H2S formed from cysteine. Does not hydrolyse esculin, starch, casein, arbutin or sodium hippurate indole negative, Acetoin negative
Enzymes	oxidase negative, catalase positive, urease psotive, lecitinase negative, arginine dihydrolase negative, ornithine decarboxylase negative, lysine decarboxylase negative, lipase negative, geleatinase negative
Unique features

ENVIRONMENTAL

Habitat	isolated from Vitis vinifera
Lifestyle
Pathogenicity	plant pathogens that casue bacterial necrosis and bacterial canker

Distribution

Isolated from the Mediterranean region and South Africa and similar sypmptoms have been reported in Switzerland, Austria, Bulgaria, the Canarary Islands and Argentina

 

Genome

Xylophilus ampelinus

G+C Mol %

 

Reference

Xylophilus ampelinus

First Citation	Willems et al 1987 IJSB 37:422-430
The Prokaryotes	p
Bergey's Determinative	p 100-101

References