Cross Index Bradyrhizobium japonicum
SuperSet Prokaryote, Eubacteria Gram-Negative Aerobic/ Microaerophilic Rods and Cocci
Compare Acetobacter, Acidiphilium, Acidomonas methanolica, Acidothermus cellulolyticus, Acidovorax, Acinetobacter, Afipia, Agrobacterium, Agromonas oligotrophica, Alcaligenes, Alteromonas, Aminobacter, Aquaspirillum, Azomonas, Azorhizobium caulinodans, Azotobacter, Bacteroides, Beijerinckia, Bordetella, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Brucella, Chromohalobacter marismortui, Chryseomonas luteola, Comamonas, Cupriavidus necator, Deleya, Derxia gummosa, Ensifer adherans, Erythrobacter longus, Flavobacterium, Flavomonas oryzihabitans, Francisella, Frateuria aurantica, Gluconobacter, Halomonas, Hydrogenophaga, Janthinobacterium lividum, Kingella, Lampropedia hyalina, Legionella, Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus, Marinomonas, Mesophilobacter marinus, Methylobacillus glycogenes, Methylobacterium, Methylococcus, Methylomonas, Methylophaga, Methylophilus, Methylovorus glucosotrophus, Moraxella, Morococcus cerebrosus, Neisseriaceae, Neisseria, Oceanospirillum, Ochrobactrum anthropi, Oligella, Paracoccus, Phenylobacterium immobile, Phyllobacterium, Pseudomonas, Psychrobacter immobilis, Rhizobacter daucus, Rhizobium, Rhizomonas suberifaciens, Rochalimaea, Roseobacter, Rugomonas rubra, Serpens, Sinorhizobium, Sphingobacterium, Taylorella equigenitalis, Thermoleophilum, Thermomicrobium, Thermus, Variovorax paradoxus, Volcaniella eurhalina, Weeksella, Wolinella, Xanthobacter, Xanthomonas, Xyella fastidiosa, Xylophilus ampelinus, Zoogloea ramigera
Contrast Archaea

 

Morphology Bradyrhizobium japonicum
CELLULAR  
Staining Gram-negative
Morphology Rods 0.5-0.9 x 1.2-3.0 um. Commonly pleomorphic under adverse growth conditions.
Motility Motile by one polar or subpolar flagellum.
Specialized structures Usually contain granules of poly-B-hydroxybutyrate which are refractile by phase-contrast microscopy. Nonsporeforming..Fimbriae have not been described.
Division  
COLONIAL  
Solid surface Colonies are circular, opaque, rarely translucent, white and convex, and tend to be granular in texture; they do not exceed 1 mm in diameter within 5-7 days incubation on yeast-mannitol-mineral salts agar. Colonies produced by some strains isolated from Lotononis bainesii are red because of intracellular pigmentation.
Liquid Only a moderate turbidity develops after 3-5 days or longer in agitated broth. Faster growing strains are uncommon.

 

Growth Parameters Bradyrhizobium japonicum
PHYSIOLOGICAL  
Tropism Chemoorganotrophic, utilizing a range of carbohydrates and salts of organic acids as carbon sources, without gas formation; pentoses are preferred as carbon sources Some strains can grow chemolithotrophically in the presence of H2, CO2 and low levels of O2
Oxygen Aerobic, possessing a respiratory type of metabolism with oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor.
pH Optimum pH, 6-7, although lower optima may be exhibited by strains from acid soils
Temperature Optimum, 25-30`C.
Requirements There is usually no requirement for vitamins with the rare exception of biotin, which also may be inhibitory to some strains

Cellulose and starch are not utilized. Ammonium salts, usually nitrates, and some amino acids, can serve as nitrogen sources. Peptone is poorly utilized (except for strains isolated from Lotononis). Casein and agar are not hydrolyzed.
Products Produce an alkaline reaction in mineral salts medium containing mannitol or on carbohydrate media is usually accompanied by extracellular polysaccharide slime.. 3-Ketoglycosides are not produced (Bernaerts and De Ley, 1963).
Enzymes  
Unique features  
ENVIRONMENTAL  
Habitat The organisms are characteristically able to invade the root hairs of tropical-zone and some temperate-zone leguminous plants (family Leguminosae) and incite the production of root nodules, wherein the bacteria occur as intracellular symbionts.

All strains exhibit host range affinities (host "specificity").

The bacteria are present in root nodules as swollen forms which are normally involved in fixing atmospheric nitrogen into combined forms utilizable by the host plant. Some strains fix nitrogen in the free living state when examined under special conditions
Lifestyle Intracellular symbiont
Pathogenicity  
Distribution  

 

Genome Bradyrhizobium japonicum
G+C Mol % 61-65
   

 

Reference Bradyrhizobium japonicum
First citation Jordan D.C. (1982) Transfer of Rhizobium japonicum Buchanan 1980 to Bradyrhizobium gen. Nov., a genus of slow -growing, root nodule bacteria from leguminous plants. I.JSB 32:136-139
The Prokaryotes p
Bergey's Systematatic p 242 D. C. Jordan
Bergey's Determinative p 78
References