Cross Index	Alcaligenes
SuperSet	Prokaryote, Eubacteria Gram-Negative Aerobic/ Microaerophilic Rods and Cocci
Compare	Acetobacter, Acidiphilium, Acidomonas methanolica, Acidothermus cellulolyticus, Acidovorax, Acinetobacter, Afipia, Agrobacterium, Agromonas oligotrophica, Alcaligenes, Alteromonas, Aminobacter, Aquaspirillum, Azomonas, Azorhizobium caulinodans, Azotobacter, Bacteroides, Beijerinckia, Bordetella, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Brucella, Chromohalobacter marismortui, Chryseomonas luteola, Comamonas, Cupriavidus necator, Deleya, Derxia gummosa, Ensifer adherans, Erythrobacter longus, Flavobacterium, Flavomonas oryzihabitans, Francisella, Frateuria aurantica, Gluconobacter, Halomonas, Hydrogenophaga, Janthinobacterium lividum, Kingella, Lampropedia hyalina, Legionella, Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus, Marinomonas, Mesophilobacter marinus, Methylobacillus glycogenes, Methylobacterium, Methylococcus, Methylomonas, Methylophaga, Methylophilus, Methylovorus glucosotrophus, Moraxella, Morococcus cerebrosus, Neisseriaceae, Neisseria, Oceanospirillum, Ochrobactrum anthropi, Oligella, Paracoccus, Phenylobacterium immobile, Phyllobacterium, Pseudomonas, Psychrobacter immobilis, Rhizobacter daucus, Rhizobium, Rhizomonas suberifaciens, Rochalimaea, Roseobacter, Rugomonas rubra, Serpens, Sinorhizobium, Sphingobacterium, Taylorella equigenitalis, Thermoleophilum, Thermomicrobium, Thermus, Variovorax paradoxus, Volcaniella eurhalina, Weeksella, Wolinella, Xanthobacter, Xanthomonas, Xyella fastidiosa, Xylophilus ampelinus, Zoogloea ramigera
Contrast	Archaea
Subset

 

Morphology

Alcaligenes

CELLULAR

Staining	Gram-negative
Morphology	Rods, coccal rods or cocci, 0.5-1.0 um in diameter and 0.5-2.6 um in length, usually occurring singly.
Motility	Motile with 1-8 (occasionally up to 12) peritrichous flagella
Specialized structures	Resting stages not known.

Division

COLONIAL

Solid surface

Colonies on nutrient agar are non- pigmented

Liquid

 

Growth Parameters

Alcaligenes

PHYSIOLOGICAL

Tropism	Chemoorganotrophic, using a variety of organic acids and amino acids as carbon sources. Alkali produced from several organic salts and amides. Carbohydrates usually not utilized.
Oxygen	Obligately aerobic, possessing a strictly respiratory type of metabolism with oxygen as the termianl electron acceptor. Some strains are capable of anaerobic respiration in the presence of nitrate or nitrite.
pH
Temperature	Optimum temperature: 20-37`C
Requirements
Products	Some strains produce acid from D-glucose and D-xylose and utilize both carbohydrates as carbon source Indole not produced. Cellulose, esculin, gelatin and DNA usually not hydrolyzed.
Enzymes	Oxidase-positive. Catalase-positive.
Unique features

ENVIRONMENTAL

Habitat	Occur in water and soil. Some are common, apparently saprophytic, inhabitants of the intestinal tract of vertebrates. Numerous strains have been isolated from clinical material such as blood, urine, feces, purulent ear discharges, spinal fluid, wounds, etc.
Lifestyle
Pathogenicity	Occasionally causing opportunistic infections in man.

Distribution

 

Genome

Alcaligenes

G+C Mol %

56-70

 

Reference

Alcaligenes

First citation	Castellani,A. and A. J. Chalmers (1919) Manual of tropical medicine, 3rd edit. Williams, Wood and Co., New York
The Prokaryotes	p
Bergey's Systematatic	p 361 K. Kersters and J. De Ley
Bergey's Determinative	p 75

References