Cross Index	Xanthomonas
SuperSet	Prokaryote, Eubacteria Gram-Negative Aerobic/ Microaerophilic Rods and Cocci
Compare	Acetobacter, Acidiphilium, Acidomonas methanolica, Acidothermus cellulolyticus, Acidovorax, Acinetobacter, Afipia, Agrobacterium, Agromonas oligotrophica, Alcaligenes, Alteromonas, Aminobacter, Aquaspirillum, Azomonas, Azorhizobium caulinodans, Azotobacter, Bacteroides, Beijerinckia, Bordetella, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Brucella, Chromohalobacter marismortui, Chryseomonas luteola, Comamonas, Cupriavidus necator, Deleya, Derxia gummosa, Ensifer adherans, Erythrobacter longus, Flavimonas oryzihabitans, Flavobacterium, Francisella, Frateuria aurantica, Gluconobacter, Halomonas, Hydrogenophaga, Janthinobacterium lividum, Kingella, Lampropedia hyalina, Legionella, Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus, Marinomonas, Mesophilobacter marinus, Methylobacillus glycogenes, Methylobacterium, Methylococcus, Methylomonas, Methylophaga, Methylophilus, Methylovorus glucosotrophus, Moraxella, Morococcus cerebrosus, Neisseriaceae, Neisseria, Oceanospirillum, Ochrobactrum anthropi, Oligella, Paracoccus, Phenylobacterium immobile, Phyllobacterium, Pseudomonas, Psychrobacter immobilis, Rhizobacter daucus, Rhizobium, Rhizomonas suberifaciens, Rochalimaea, Roseobacter, Rugomonas rubra, Serpens, Sinorhizobium, Sphingobacterium, Taylorella equigenitalis, Thermoleophilum, Thermomicrobium, Thermus, Variovorax paradoxus, Volcaniella eurhalina, Weeksella, Wolinella, Xanthobacter, Xanthomonas, Xyella fastidiosa, Xylophilus ampelinus, Zoogloea ramigera
Contrast	Archaea Micavibrio admirandus is a predator of Xanthomonas
Subset

 

Morphology

Xanthomonas

CELLULAR

Staining	Gram-negative
Morphology	Cells are straight rods, usually within the range 0.4-0.7 wide x 0.7-1.8 um long, predominantly single.
Motility	Motile by a single polar flagellum.
Specialized structures	Do not produce poly-B- hydroxybutyrate inclusions. Do not have sheaths or prosthecae. No resting stages known..

Division

COLONIAL

Solid surface

Colonies are usually yellow, smooth and butyrous or viscid. The pigments are highly characteristic brominated aryl polyenes, or "xantho-monadins".

Liquid

 

Growth Parameters

Xanthomonas

PHYSIOLOGICAL

Tropism	Chemoorganotrophic; able to use a variety of carbohydrates and salts of organic acids as sole carbon sources
Oxygen	Obligately aerobic, having a strictly respiratory type of metabolism with oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor
pH
Temperature	Optimum temperature, 25-30`C
Requirements	Growth factors required usually include methionine, glutamic acid, nicotinic acid, or a combination of these.. . No denitrification or nitrate reductionoccurs..Acid is not produced in purple milk or litmus milk. Asparagineis not used as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen. Growth isinhibited by 0.1% (and usually by 0.02%) triphenyltetrazolium chloride.
Products	Small amounts of acid are produced from many carbohydrates, but not from rhamnose, inulin, adonitol, dulcitol, sorbitol, meso-inositol or salicin.
Enzymes	The oxidase test is negastive or weak. Catalase-positive.
Unique features

ENVIRONMENTAL

Habitat	occur in association with plants
Lifestyle
Pathogenicity	Plant pathogen

Distribution

 

Genome

Xanthomonas

G+C Mol %

63-71

 

Reference

Xanthomonas

First citation	Dowson ,W.J. (1939) On the systematic position and generic names of the Gram negative bacterial plant pathogens. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk. Infektionskr. Hyg. Abt. II 100:177-193
The Prokaryotes	P
Bergey's Systematatic	p 199 J. F Bradbury
Bergey's Determinative	p 100

References