University of Windsor - Academic Calendar, 1998-1999

(Ext. 2190)
OFFICERS OF INSTRUCTION
SOCIOLOGY
Professors Emeriti
Ferguson, John D.; B.A., M.A. (Toronto), Ph.D. (Columbia)—1968.

Whitehurst, Robert N.; B.A. (Butler), M.S., Ph.D. (Purdue)—1969.

Singh, Ripu Daman; B.A., M.A., (Lucknow), M.A., Ph.D. (Oregon)—1970.

Professors
Ramcharan, Subhas; B.A., M.Sc. (U. of West Indies); Ph.D. (York)—1971.

Adam, Barry D.; B.A. (Simon Fraser), M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto)—1976.

Fleming, Thomas S; B.A., M.A. (Toronto), Ph.D. (London School of Economics)—1988.

Phipps, Alan G.; B.A. (Manchester), M.A. (Queen's), Ph.D. (Iowa), M.C.I.P.—1988.

Maticka-Tyndale, Eleanor; B.A. (State University of New York, Binghamton), M.A. (McGill), Ph.D. (Calgary)—1993.

Associate Professors
Shuraydi, Muhammad; B.A. (American U. of Beirut), Ph.D. (Alberta)—1973.

Booth, Gerald V.; B.A. (Victoria), M.A., Ph.D. (Southern Illinois)—1975.

Ehrentraut, Adolf W.; B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto)—1976.

Drakich, Janice; B.A., M.A. (Windsor), Ph.D. (York)—1989.

Basok, Tanya; B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (York)—1989.

Gannagé, Charlene; B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto)—1992.

Sears, Alan; B.A., M.A. (Carleton), Ph.D. (Warwick)—1992.

Vakil, Anna C.; B.A. (Carleton), M.U.P. (McGill), Ph.D. (Michigan), M.A.P.A.—1993.

Assistant Professors
Mogyorody, Veronika; B.A. (Windsor), M.A. (Wayne State), B.Arch. (Detroit), Ph.D. (Rensselaer)—1977.

Baron, Stephen W.; B.A., M.A. (Victoria), Ph.D. (Alberta)—1994.

Hall, Alan; B.A. (Bishop's), M.A. (Guelph), Ph.D. (Toronto)—1994.

Ilcan, Suzan M.; B.A. (Saint Mary's) M.A. (Dalhousie), Ph.D. (Carleton)—1994.

Lewis, Jacqueline; B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto)—1994.

de Lint, Willem; B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto)—1997.

Nakhaie, M. Reza; B.A. (National University of Iran), M.A. (Guelph), Ph.D. (Waterloo)—1997.

ANTHROPOLOGY
Associate Professors
Hedley, Max J.; B.A. (York, Eng.), M.A., Ph.D. (Alberta)—1976.

Phillips, Lynne; B.A. (British Columbia), M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto)—1989.

Assistant Professors
Reid, Peter E. W.; B.A. (Toronto); M.A. (Manitoba); Ph.D. (SUNY at Buffalo)—1977.

Gustavsen, Deborah; B.Sc., M.A. (Toronto)—1992.

3.17.1 PROGRAMS OF STUDY
SOCIOLOGY

Minor, general degree, honours degree, and combined honours degree programs are available in Sociology. Honours degree, and combined honours degree programs are available in Criminology.

Regulations for degree programs in Sociology and Criminology allow students to concentrate in particular areas as follows:

Criminology: 48-260, 48-261, 48-262, 48-361, 48-362, 48-410 or 49-410, 49-323.

International Development: 49-112, 48-226, 48-227, 48-232, 49-236, 49-237, 49-238, 48-321, 48-327, 48-330, 49-331, 48-332, 48-337, 48-338, 48-340, 48-352, 49-370, 48-411.

Family, Sex, and Gender: 48-104, 48-204, 48-205, 48-206, 48-250, 48-304, 48-306, 48-329, 48-350, 48-352, 48-409, 48-461.

Race and Ethnic Relations: 48-232, 48-241, 48-333, 48-486, 49-331, 49-406.

Work: 48-225, 48-228, 48-321, 48-326, 48-332.

Social Psychology: 48-234, 48-235, 48-236, 48-309, 48-331, 48-334, 48-405, 48-421.

Minor in Sociology
Required: Six courses in Sociology including 48-101, 48-102, and four courses at the 200 level or above.

General Sociology
Total courses: thirty.

Major requirements: ten courses, including 48-101, 48-102, 48-200, 48-201, 48-345, and 48-346; plus two additional Sociology (48-) courses at the 300 or 400 level; and 49-112.

Option requirements (see 2.5.14 for subject areas): eight courses including
(a) two Arts or Languages courses;
(b) two Science courses;
(c) four additional courses from any area of study, excluding Social Science.
Other requirements:
(a) six courses from any area of study, including Sociology (48-);
(b) six courses from any area of study, excluding Sociology (48-) and any Anthropology (49-) courses cross-listed with Sociology.

RECOMMENDED COURSE SEQUENCE
Level 1
First Term: 48-101; two 100-level Social Science options; one option each from Arts and Science.

Second Term: 48-102 and 49-112; one 100-level Social Science option; one option each from Arts and Science.

Level 2
First Term: 48-200; two Arts or Science options; one or two other 200-level Sociology course(s) and/or another 100- or 200-level option.

Second Term: 48-201; one or two other 200-level Sociology courses; two or three 200-level options.

Level 3
First Term: 48-345; one to three other 200- or 300-level Sociology courses; one to three 200- or 300-level options.

Second Term: 48-346; one to three other 300-level Sociology courses; one to three 300-level options.

For those students interested in specializing in one of the areas listed above, please note the courses in second and third year which should be taken.

Note: Level 2 and 3 students should refer to the area listings above when selecting additional Sociology courses.

Honours Sociology
Total courses: forty.

Major requirements: eighteen courses, including 48-101, 48-102, 48-200, 48-201, 48-308, 48-345, 48-346, 48-401 or 48-402, and 48-416; plus two of 48-403, 48-404, 48-405, and 48-406; and two additional Sociology (48-) courses at the 300 or 400 level; plus 49-112 and one additional Anthropology (49-) course which is not cross-listed with Sociology.

Other Requirements (see 2.5.14 for subject areas):
(a) 02-250;
(b) two courses from Arts or Languages;
(c) two courses from Science
(d) four courses from Arts, Languages, Social Science, or Science, including Sociology (48-);
(e) eight more courses from Arts, Languages Social Science, or Science, excluding Sociology (48-) and any Anthropology (49-) courses cross-listed with Sociology;
(f) five courses from any area of study, excluding Sociology (48-) and any Anthropology (49-) courses cross-listed with Sociology.

RECOMMENDED COURSE SEQUENCE
Level 1
First Term: 48-101; two 100-level Social Science options; one option each from Arts or Languages and Science.

Second Term: 48-102 and 49-112; one 100-level Social Science option; one option each from Arts or Languages and Science.

Level 2
First Term: 48-200; two other 200-level Sociology course(s); two 100- or 200-level options.

Second Term: 48-201; two other 200-level Sociology courses; one 100- to 300-level Anthropology course; one 200-level option.

Level 3
First Term: 02-250 and 48-345; two other 200- or 300-level Sociology courses; one 200- or 300-level option.

Second Term: 48-308 and 48-346; one other 200- or 300-level Sociology course; two 200- or 300-level options.

Level 4
48-401 or 48-402; 48-416; two of 48-403, 48-404, 48-405, 48-406, 48-407 (or 49-407), and 48-410 (or 49-410); one to five other Sociology courses at the 300 or 400 level; one to five options at the 300 or 400 level.

For those students interested in specializing in one of the areas listed above, please note the courses in second and third year which should be taken.

Note: Level 2 and 3 students should refer to the area listings above when selecting additional Sociology courses.

Honours Criminology
The number of places available in the third year of the Honours Criminology program is limited, and admission will be competitive. Entry shall be for the Fall term only. Students are eligible to apply for entry into the third year of the program after the completion of twenty courses, which shall include 48-101, 48-102, 48-207, and 48-260; plus two of 46-220, 48-261, and 48-262; and 34-226. Applications and information sheets are available at the Office of the Registrar and must be returned to that office by May 1st. No late applications will be accepted. Decisions will be rendered by June 1st, with notification shortly thereafter.

Total courses: forty.
Major requirements: twenty courses, including
(a) 48-101, 48-102 (or 49-112), 48-200, 48-207, 48-260, 48-261, 48-262, 48-308, 48-360, 48-363, 48-366, and 48-460;
(b) 02-250 and 34-226;
(c) two more of 43-287, 46-220, 47-347, 47-410, 48-361, 48-362, 48-367, 48-463, 48-465, 48-469, and 49-323;
(d) four other courses from Social Science.

Other Requirements (see 2.5.14 for subject areas):
(a) two courses from Arts or Languages;
(b) two courses from Science
(c) twelve courses from Arts, Languages, Social Science, or Science, including Sociology, but to a total of no more than twenty-four courses numbered 48-, including any Anthropology (49-) courses which are cross-listed with Sociology;
(d) four courses from any area of study, excluding Sociology (48-) and any Anthropology (49-) courses cross-listed with Sociology.

RECOMMENDED COURSES
Level 2: 45-215, 45-220, 48-232, 48-234, 48-235, 48-333, 48-340.

Level 3: 45-326, 46-330, 46-333, 46-341, 48-306, 48-331, 48-334, 48-345, 49-430.

Level 4: 43-448, 46-433, 48-461.

Notes:
1) Honours Criminology students interested in graduate studies should take 48-345 and two courses from 48-403, 48-404, 48-405, and 48-406, since these courses or their equivalents are required for admission to the graduate program

2) Students interested in government service should include French language courses among their options; other non-English language courses also are recommended.

RECOMMENDED COURSE SEQUENCE
Level 1
First Term: 48-101; 49-111 or another 100-level Social Science option; 46-115 or another 100-level Social Science option; one option each from Arts or Languages, and Science.

Second Term: 48-102; 49-112 or another 100-level Social Science option; 46-116 or another 100-level Social Science option; one option each from Arts or Languages, and Science.

Level 2
First Term: 48-200 and 48-260; 34-226; two other 200-level required or recommended courses.

Second Term: 48-207, 48-261 and 48-262; three other 200-level required or recommended courses.

Level 3
First Term: 02-250 and 48-363; three other 200- or 300-level required or recommended courses.

Second Term: 48-308 and 48-360; three other 200- or 300-level required or recommended courses.

Level 4
First Term: 48-366 and 48-460; three other 300- or 400-level required or recommended courses.

Second Term: five 300- or 400-level required or recommended courses.

Combined Honours Sociology Programs
Total courses: forty:

Major requirements - Sociology: fifteen courses including 48-101, 48-102, 48-200, 48-201, 48-345, 48-346, 48-401 (or 48-402), and 48-416; and two of 48-403, 48-404, 48-405, and 48-406; plus 49-112. Two additional Sociology (48-) courses must be taken at the 300 or 400 level. An introductory statistics course (02-250 or the equivalent) is required, as well as 48-308. (An equivalent statistics course may be substituted for 48-308, in which case one additional Sociology (48-) or Anthropology (49-) course is required.)
Major requirements - Other Subject: as prescribed by that area of study.

Other requirements: additional options (if required) to a total of forty.

Combined Honours Sociology and Criminology
Admission requirements and application procedures for entry to the third year of the combined Honours Sociology and Criminology program are as above for Honours Criminology.

Total courses: forty.

Major requirements:
(a) 48-101, 48-102, 48-200, 48-201, 48-260, 48-261, 48-262, 48-308, 48-345, 48-346, 48-360, 48-363, 48-366, 48-401 (or 48-402), 48-416, and 48-460; plus two of 48-403, 48-404, 48-405, and 48-406; plus 49-112;
(b) 02-250 and 34-226;
(c) two more of 46-220, 47-347, 47-410, 48-207, 48-361, 48-362, 48-367, 48-407 (or 49-407), 48-410 (or 49-410), 48-461, 48-463, 48-465, 48-469, and 49-323.
(d) eight other courses from Social Science;
(e) and one more Sociology (48-) course at the 300 or 400 level.

Other Requirements (see 2.5.14 for subject areas):
(a) two options from Arts or Languages;
(b) two options from Science
(c) four courses from any area of study, excluding Sociology (48-) and any Anthropology (49-) courses which are cross-listed with Sociology.

Combined Honours Criminology
Admission requirements and application procedures for entry to the third year of any other program combining Honours Criminology with another subject are as above for Honours Criminology.

Total courses: forty.
Major requirements- Criminology: sixteen courses, consisting of: 48-101, 48-102 (or 49-112), 48-200, 48-207, 48-260, 48-261, 48-262, 48-360, 48-363, 48-366, and 48-460; plus 34-226; and two of 43-287, 46-220, 48-337, 48-361, 48-362, 48-367, 48-407 (or 49-407), 48-410 (or 49-410), 48-461, 48-463, 48-465, 48-469, and 49-323. An introductory statistics course (02-250 or the equivalent) is required, as well as 48-308. (An equivalent statistics course may be substituted for 48-308, in which case one additional Sociology (48-) or Anthropology (49-) course is required.)

Major requirements - Other Area of Study: as prescribed by that area of study.

Other requirements additional options (if required) to a total of forty.

General Family and Social Relations
See "Interdisciplinary Programs", 3.19.11
.
Honours Family and Social Relations
See "Interdisciplinary Programs", 3.19.11
.
Certificate in Organizational and Career Development
See "Interdisciplinary Programs", 3.19.4.

Certificate in Criminology and Criminal Justice
See "Interdisciplinary Programs", 3.19.6.

Certificate in Japanese Studies
See "Interdisciplinary Programs, 3.19.10.

Certificate in Gerontology
See "Interdisciplinary Programs", 3.19.8.

Certificate in Applied Gerontology
See "Interdisciplinary Programs", 3.19.9.

Certificate in Latin American and Caribbean Studies
See "Interdisciplinary Programs", 3.19.5

ANTHROPOLOGY
Minor, general degree, honours degree, and combined honours degree programs are available in Anthropology. Anthropology programs are organized around the study and analysis of culture in contemporary and ancient societies.

Minor in Anthropology
Required: six Anthropology (49-) courses, including 49-111, 49-112, and at least one of 49-213, 49-215, or 49-217.

General Anthropology
Total courses: thirty.

Major requirements: twelve courses, including 49-111, 49-112; and four of 49-201, 49-213, 49-215, 49-216, 49-217, and 49-226; plus one culture area course from 49-232, 49-236, 49-237, 49-238, and 49-330; and five additional Anthropology courses. At least four of the twelve required courses must be at or above the 300 level.

Other requirements
(a) four courses from any area of study, including Anthropology (49-) and any Sociology (48-) courses which are cross-listed with Anthropology.
(b) six courses from any area of study, excluding Anthropology (49-) and any Sociology (48-) courses which are cross-listed with Anthropology.

Honours Anthropology
Total courses: forty.

Major requirements: nineteen courses, including 49-111, 49-112, 49-201, 49-356, and 49-415; plus three of 49-213, 49-215, 49-216, 49-217, and 49-226; and one culture area course from 49-232, 49-236, 49-237, 49-238, and 49-330; plus four of 49-323, 49-336, 49-337, 49-340, 49-353, 49-380, and 49-381; and one of 49-401 or 49-430; plus five more Anthropology courses, three of which must be at or above the 300 level; and one of 02-250 or 49-402;.

Other Requirements (see 2.5.14 for subject areas):
(a) any two Sociology (48-) courses which are not cross-listed with Anthropology (49-);
(b) two courses from Arts or Languages;
(c) two options from Science
(d) four more courses from Arts, Languages, Social Science, or Science, including Anthropology (49-), but which are not cross-listed with Sociology;
(e) six more courses from the Faculties of Arts, Languages, Social Science, or Science, excluding Anthropology (49-) and any Sociology (48-) courses which are cross-listed with Anthropology;
(f) four courses from any area of study, excluding Anthropology (49-) and any Sociology (48-) courses which are cross-listed with Anthropology.

Note: Anthropology Honours students interested in graduate studies in Sociology should include the following courses in their program: 02-250, 48-308, 48-346, plus two courses from 48-403, 48-404, 48-405, 48-406, or their equivalents.

Combined Honours Anthropology Programs
Total courses: forty:

Major requirements-Anthropology:
fifteen courses, including 49-111, 49-112, 49-201, 49-356, and 49-415; plus three of 49-213, 49-215, 49-216, 49-217, and 49-226; and one culture area course from 49-232, 49-236, 49-237, 49-238, and 49-330; plus four of 49-323, 49-336, 49-337, 49-340, 49-353, 49-380, and 49-381; and one of 49-401 or 49-430; and one of 02-250 or 49-402.

Major requirements - Other Area of Study: as prescribed by that area of study.

Option requirements (see 2.5.14 for subject areas): six courses including
(a) two Arts or Languages courses;
(b) two Science courses;
(c) four additional courses from any area of study, excluding Social Science.
Other requirements additional options (if required) to a total of forty.

3.17.2 COURSE DESCRIPTIONS—
SOCIOLOGY
Not all courses listed will necessarily be offered each year. All courses are three hours a week unless otherwise indicated.

48-101. Principles and Methods of Sociology
The course is designed to acquaint students with the basic theories and methods used by sociologists. Emphasis will be placed on such concepts as culture, socialization, sex roles, organizations, stratification, and deviancy. (3 lecture, or 2 lecture, 1 tutorial/laboratory hour a week.)

48-102. Social Institutions and Social Change
The course will focus on the description and analysis of institutions such as the family, religion, education, polity, and economy. Changes in society reflected in population and urban living, and theories of change will be discussed. (Prerequisite: 48-101.) (3 lecture, or 2 lecture, 1 tutorial/laboratory hour a week.)

48-104. Family Development
An introductory examination of families and their members through a life cycle from physiological, psychological, and sociological perspectives.

48-200. Social Research
Introduction to the different methods used in the conduct of social research, including experimentation, the use of existing data, and, in particular, qualitative and survey methods. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-200. Students may register for credit in either 48-200 or 49-200.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.) (3 lecture, or 2 lecture, 1 tutorial/laboratory hour a week.)

48-201. Social Thought
The use of sociological and anthropological theories to examine issues of social structure and change. Shows how different theories offer very different perspectives on contemporary society, cultural diversity, and historical development. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-201. Students may register for credit in either 48-201 or 49-201.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-204. Sociology of Families
Theories of the family are reviewed in both historical and cross-cultural context as an introduction to family forms. Recent historical changes involving aspects of modernism are considered as they have affected structure and interactions of various family types. Changing demographics of family life are placed in the context of dynamics of roles played by all family members. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and either 48-102 or 49-112.)

48-205. Sociology of Sex
An analysis of sexual differentiation, sex role acquisition, sexual attitudes, sexual behaviour, and the sex structure of Canadian society. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and either 48-102 or 49-112.)

48-206. Family Dynamics
An analysis of family dynamics throughout the family life cycle. Specific topics include socialization processes, dating, mate-selection, sexual expression, marital interaction, parent-child relationships, divorce, remarriage, and aging. (Prerequisite: 48-104.)

48-207. Canadian Social Problems
An analysis of the diverse problem areas in the complex Canadian society, including the effects of social, technological, and culture change on institutions, and the problems caused by social disorganization, intergroup conflict, deviance, and crime. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and either 48-102 or 49-112.)

48-208. Sociology of Education
Sociological analysis of the functions of educational institutions, the structure of education, and its relationship to social phenomena, with particular emphasis on the university and its ideal and actual functions. Topics will include the acquisition of basic skills, student socialization, and the experience of part-time students. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and either 48-102 or 49-112.)

48-225. Work and Organizations
From classical and contemporary perspectives, analysis of work in formal, complex organizations, on their technical, sociocultural, and environmental antecedents, and on organizational issues involving class, ethnicity, and gender. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-226. Introduction to International Development
An overview of the history and contemporary problems of economic development and underdevelopment and their effects upon marginalized populations; an assessment of issues such as the impact of colonialism, the nature and function of the global economy, the problems of food production, economic dependency, cultural resistance, and social change. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-226. Students may register for credit for either 48-226 or 49-226.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-227. Globalization and Social Change
An analysis of global and local social factors leading to the rise and decline of authoritarian, liberal democratic and post-revolutionary state systems in Canadian and Latin American societies. Topics include the formation of international elites and trading blocs, the pressure to restructure, and popular responses to globalization. (Prerequisites:any two 100-level 45-, 48-, or 49-numbered courses)

48-228. Class, Wealth and Power in Canada
The study of social inequality. The existence of class and power structures and their effects on the lives of Canadians. How Canadians cope with class and power differences, including the various strategies of class struggle. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and either 48-102 or 49-112.)

48-232. Indigenous Peoples: A Comparative Perspective
A cross-cultural examination of issues concerning indigenous peoples in Canada and other parts of the world through a discussion of topics such as land claims, resource development, resistance, cultural rights, popular movements, and government policy. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-232. Students may register for credit in either 48-232 or 49-232.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-234. Sociology of Everyday Life
A study of how face-to-face, person-to-person interaction is sustained in human society. The course is built around the fact that human beings operate on the level of symbolic meanings. It thus takes into account the ways in which framing, or definition of a situation influences the character of the interaction. Included is the study of the underlying structures of social interaction, such as the organization of talk, spatial relationships, and body-language. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and either 48-102 or 49-112.)

48-235. Identity Processes
An exploration of the pivotal role identity plays in the organization and actions of social life. (This course is taught in Psychology as 46-235. Students may register for credit in either 48-235 or 46-235.)
(Prerequisites: 48-101 and either 48-102 or 49-112; alternate prerequisites: 46-115 and 46-116.)

48-236. Introduction to Social Psychology
An introduction to the theories, methods, findings, and problems associated with the study of the individual in the social context. Topics include social cognition; interpersonal behaviour (attraction, aggression, altruism); social attitudes, prejudice, and discrimination; social influence and group processes (conformity, leadership, intergroup relations). (This course is taught in Psychology as 46-236. Students may register for credit in either 48-236 or 46-236.) (Prerequisites: 46-115 and 46-116, or 48-101 and 48-102.)

48-239. Japanese Society
A broad examination of modern Japanese society on the institutional, organizational, and individual level, with particular attention to the continuities and changes patterning everyday life. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-239. Students may register for credit in either 48-239 or 49-239.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-241. Race and Ethnic Relations in Canada
An analysis of the role and status of racial and ethnic minorities in pluralistic Canada, with particular focus on the causes, consequences, and possible solutions to racial and ethnic conflicts. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-241. Students may register for credit in either 48-241 or 49-241.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112, or consent of the instructor.)

48-242. Modern Japanese Popular Culture
Analysis of the contemporary mass culture of Japan, ranging from cultural heritage to various new cultural forms, and focussing on such issues as cultural nationalism, and cultural globalization. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-242. Students may register for credit in either 48-242 or 49-242.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-250. Gay and Lesbian Studies
A multidisciplinary review of critical issues in the social organization and representation of same-sex bonding, including discussion of: cross-cultural studies, historical constructions of homosexuality and romantic friendship, coming out and identity, relationships and family, theories of homophobia and sexual repression, the development of communities and social movements in modern societies, the impacts of AIDS, and the emergence of queer theory.

48-260. Introduction to Criminology
Theories and research in crime causation, the nature and extent of crime and criminal behaviour systems. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and either 48-102 or 49-112.)

48-261. Law and Society
A study of the mutual influence between legal and social systems. Topics include the relationship between formal and informal legal practice, the influence of social factors on jurisprudence, and the effect of law on social change. Materials will be drawn from cross-cultural as well as Canadian sources. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and either 48-102 or 49-112.)

48-262. Administration of Criminal Justice
This course seeks to provide the student with a basic understanding of some of the fundamental principles of Canadian criminal law and of selected features of the administration of criminal justice in Canada. Topics such as the history and background of the criminal law, the basis of criminal liability, the criminal courts, discretion in the criminal process, and penal policy will be discussed. (This course is offered in Law as 99-215 and is open only to students enroled in the Honours Criminology or Certificate in Criminology and Criminal Justice programs. Students may register for credit in either 48-262 or 99-215.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and either 48-102 or 49-112.)

48-304. Evaluation Research
An examination of the approach and methods of evaluating programs and policies in public and private organizations with the purpose of designing interventions, monitoring implementation, and assessing effectiveness. (Prerequisite: 48-200 or consent of instructor.)

48-305. Sociology of Religion
The study of the interrelations between religious phenomena and social institutions, social structure and human behaviour. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-305. Students may register for credit in either 48-305 or 49-305.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-306. Sociology of Women
An overview of the economic, educational, familial, political, and religious factors affecting the position of women in society. A socio-historical analysis of the change in the roles and status of women in Canada and internationally with a view to understanding the nature of their impact upon major societal institutions. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-306. Students may register for credit in either 48-306 or 49-306.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-308. Intermediate Statistics
Basic inferential statistics, including estimation, confidence intervals, and hypothesis testing. Also included is the application of computer packages to selected statistical problems. (Required of honours students or those intending to pursue graduate studies in Sociology.) (Prerequisite: 02-250.) (2 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour a week.)

48-309. Visual Sociology
An inquiry into the social dimensions of visual imagery: how society both produces and responds to images. The course will include an introduction to research in which visuals are used as data. Students may be required to complete a project using at least one of the three standard visual media: still photography, film, and video. (1 lecture hour, 2 laboratory hours a week) (Prerequisite: 48-200 or 49-200.)

48-320. Environmental Anthropology
This course considers the relationship between human cultures and their environment—physical and biological; aspects of biology influencing the culture and culture influencing the biology of populations; human adaptations to their environment. (This course is also offered in Anthropology 49-320. Students may register for credit in either 48-320 or 49-320.)

48-321. Formal Organizations in Comparative Perspective
The influence of societies, including their traditions, languages, and institutions, on the structure and processes of their formal organizations, with emphasis on the similarities and differences among organizations within various cultural areas and stages of development. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-326. Work and Occupations
Analysis of occupations, including the ways people choose occupations and develop careers, the nature of professions and professionalization, unemployment and its consequences, and the influence of occupations on individuals and society in a wider sense. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-327. Social Movements
An examination of theories and case studies of world revolutions, class struggles, and various social movements, such as the feminist, gay and lesbian, native, ecological, and other movements. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-329. The Family and Social Change
An analysis of social change and the family in contemporary societies, with emphasis on current trends in the Canadian family, including such issues as aging, divorce, children's issues, gender equality, and evolving family forms. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112; 48-204 is also recommended.)

48-330. Latin America: A Comparative Perspective
Selected problems of rural and urban development, the debt crisis, nationalism, and cultural change will be examined through an analysis of specific Latin American countries. (This course is also offered an taught in Anthropology as 49-330. Students may register for credit in either 48-330 or 49-330.)

48-331. Collective Behaviour
Psycho-social analysis of mass behaviour, fads and crazes, crowds and mobs, and religious cults. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-332. Labour and the Industrialization Process
The development of Canadian industry and workers' responses to changes in the labour process.of the working class. Special topics will include new technologies in the workplace, the international division of labour, women's work, and Canadian labour's response to continental restructuring. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-333. Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict
An analysis of ethnic identity, ethnic group formation, ethnopolitical mobilization, nationalism, racism, ethnic conflicts, ethnic violence including genocide, and conflict resolution in various societies throughout the world. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-333. Students may register for credit in either 48-333 or 49-333.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-334. Dynamics of Interaction
Interaction with others is a central activity in everyday life. This course examines processes of interaction, such as negotiation, conflict, coalition building, and communication in the context of interpersonal and group relations. (Prerequisites: 48-101 and either 48-102 or 49-112; 48-235 is recommended.)

48-335. Human Growth and Aging/Gerontology
General and cross-cultural aspects of body growth, maturity and aging; influence of socio-cultural environments; social systems, longevity and aging; a demographic profile of the aged in Canada. Medical technology and the aged; problems of the aged in Canadian context. Theories on aging and their significance. (This course is also offered in Anthropology as 49-335. Students may register for credit in either 48-335 or 49-335.)

48-336. Medical Anthropology/Sociology
A brief history of the development of the discipline. Problems and the nature of health and diseases in ancient and modern human populations; concepts of health and disease and indigenous medical systems. Aspects of social organization and the prevalence of diseases. Roles of curers, (medical practitioners) support staff, patients, and their interrelations; technological innovations and the problems of health. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-336. Students may register for credit in either 48-336 or 49-336.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-337. Demography and Epidemiology
An introduction to the basic concepts and techniques of demography and epidemiology. Through a survey of methods, students assemble and critically examine population data. Topical areas include development and health status, health of aboriginal peoples, crime statistics, and demographic profiling of special populations, i.e., the aged, women, ethnic groups, young offenders, etc. (This course is also offered in Anthropology as 49-337. Students may register for credit in either 48-337 or 49-337.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-338. Culture and Nutrition
An examination of the relationship between human cultural environments and diet. Cross-cultural, historical, and symbolic perspectives are applied to the concepts of food, diet, and nutrition and to their relationship to culture and the wider political economy. Topics include dietary biocultural adaptation, "diseases of development", and the examination of various food-health connections. (This course is also offered in Anthropology as 49-338. Students may register for credit in either 48-338 or 49-338.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

48-340. Food and Global Sustainability
A comparative examination of the emergence of a global food system and its implications for culture and the environment. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-340. Students may register for credit in either 48-340 or 49-340.)

48-345. Foundations of Sociological Theory
The theories of Comte, Marx, Durkheim, Weber, and others who contributed to the development of the discipline of sociology. (Prerequisite: 48-201.)

48-346. Contemporary Sociological Theory
A review of modern theoretical approaches in sociology. Emphasis is placed on current schools of thought, such as Symbolic Interactionism, Structural-Functionalism and other approaches. (Prerequisites: 48-201 and 48-345.)

48-350. Theories of Sexuality
A consideration of various theoretical models applied to the study of human sexuality. Specific topics include socio-historical perspectives, feminist issues, men's studies, gay and lesbian studies, forms of sexual imagery and expression, and the social impact of sexually transmitted disease. (Prerequisite: 48-205 or consent of instructor.)

48-352. Women and International Development
An examination of the impact of global processes on gender relations, including a consideration of the importance of cross-cultural variations in the family, political/economic systems, and gender ideologies. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-352. Students may register for credit in either 48-352 or 49-352.) (Prerequisite: 48-226, or 49-226, or consent of instructor.)

48-353. The Ethnography
An exploration of the methodological and theoretical implications of the ethnography in the social sciences, including historical and contemporary approaches to ethnographic writing. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-353. Students may register for credit in either 48-353 or 49-353.) (Prerequisite: 49-112 or consent of instructor.)

48-360. Theory and Methods in Criminology
This course will examine theories developed in the areas of criminology, such as the integrated theory and the "new criminology". Also covered in this course will be an examination of research methods, particularly evaluation research. (Prerequisite: 48-260.)

48-361. Youth in Conflict with the Law
The course covers theories of delinquency causation, the juvenile justice system, Young Offenders Act, prevention, and treatment programs for juveniles. (Prerequisite: 48-260.)

48-362. Victimology
A new emphasis in criminology has been on the role of the victim in crime. This course focuses on victim precipitation, restitution, and the varied involvement in and consequences of crime on the crime victim. (Prerequisite: 48-260.)

48-363. Penology
Study of the correctional institution including the impact of prison on inmates, the prison subculture, prison architecture, and administration, special institutions, and the assessment of education, occupational, recreational, and treatment programs. (Prerequisite: 48-260.)

48-366. Law and Criminality
The course will focus upon "penology" or "corrections", rather than the etiology of crime. It will consist of a series of seminars prepared and presented by students working either individually or in teams. Topics will include: principles of sentencing; punishment as a deterrent; prevention detention; prisons and jails; parole, probation and "half-way houses"; special facilities for female offenders, young offenders, and offenders requiring psychiatric treatment. (This course is offered in Law as 99-217. Students may register for credit in either 48-366 or 99-217.) (Prerequisites: 48-260 and 48-261.)

48-367. Corporate Deviance and Crime
The course will examine the issues of individual level professional and white-collar crime and broader corporate and institutional practices. Law creation and enforcement will be considered along with analyses aimed at explaining corporate and institutional behaviour. Topical areas will include occupational health and safety, employment and labour law, environmental law, food and drug safety, price fixing, stock and money trade infractions, tax fraud, bribery and influence peddling, and international trade practices. (Prerequisites: 48-260, 48-261, and 48-262, or consent of instructor.)

The general prerequisites for fourth-year honours and make-up year courses are: 48-200, 48-201, and either 48-360 or 48-346.

48-401. Research Methods in Social/Cultural Anthropology
Examination of questions of ethics, responsibility, and objectivity in problem formulation, research design, and data collection. Historical and contemporary significance of fieldwork to anthropology and social science generally. Techniques of fieldwork and data collection methods. The development of a limited research project will be encouraged. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-401. Students may register for credit for either 48-401 or 49-401.) (Prerequisites: 48-200 and 48-201, or 49-200 and 49-201, or consent of instructor.)

48-402. Qualitative Methodology
An examination of historical, comparative, and interpretive research strategies employed in qualitative social science, including discussion of responsibilities to research subjects, the politics and ethics of research, and the development of research proposals. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-402. Students may register for credit in either 48-402 or 49-402.) (Prerequisites: 48-200 and 48-201, or 49-200 and 49-201, or consent of instructor.)

48-403. The Sociology of Knowledge
An examination of three major areas in the social organization, production, and distribution of knowledge: the classical arguments about the effects of social location on human understanding; the social practices which construct scientific knowledge; and the sociology of cultural forms such as common sense, lifestyle, taste, and fashion. Issues of traditional exclusion from the knowledge industry by gender, race, and sexual orientation will also be raised. (Prerequisites: 48-200 and 48-201, or 49-200 and 49-201, 48-345, and either 48-360 or 48-346, or consent of instructor.)

48-404. Structural Theories
An inquiry into studies of cultural social phenomena that take structure or form as a point of departure. The course takes a look at various approaches, such as structuralism, semiotics, postmodernism, neo-functionalism, and discursive analysis. (Prerequisites: 48-200 and 48-201, or 49-200 and 49-201, 48-345, and either 48-360 or 48-346, or consent of instructor.)

48-405. Symbolic Interactionist Theories
An exploration of the methodological and theoretical perspectives within symbolic interactionism. These distinct perspectives encompass the classical Meadian tradition, dramaturgy, ethomethodology, reality construction, and the most recent thoughtways of reflexive sociology and cultural studies. (Prerequisites: 48-200 and 48-201, or 49-200 and 49-201, 48-345, and either 48-360 or 48-346.)

48-406. Marxist Social Theories
An examination of the central concepts of Marxist theories. The course will cover the evolution of Marxist theories as well as current debates about the relationship of Marxism to feminism, social movements, culture, and contemporary class structures. (Prerequisites: 48-200 and 48-201, or 49-200 and 49-201, 48-345, and either 48-360 or 48-346, or consent of instructor.)

48-407. Alcohol, Drugs, and Society
A primarily social science orientation to alcohol and drugs with a focus on social structure, social learning, and public policy. Advanced concepts and issues surrounding substance use and abuse are introduced in a critical examination of current theoretical and research paradigms. Legislative, law enforcement, treatment, and prevention strategies are described and evaluated. Special topics include problems of alcohol and drugs as related to sports, work, crime, and the current "war on drugs". (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-407. Students may register for credit in either 48-407 or 49-407.) (Prerequisites: 48-200 and 48-201, or 49-200 and 49-201, or consent of instructor.)

48-409. Family, Gender and Culture
A critical examination of the key issues and debates in the study of family relations with an emphasis on gender politics and ideologies. Topics may range from explanations of the diverse images and meanings of families to issues of moral regulation, pro-family movements, and reproductive policies. (Prerequisite: 48-204 or consent of instructor.)

48-410. Crime and Custom in Cross-Cultural Perspectives
The nature of crime and delinquency in non-western societies; effects of the imposition of alien laws and methods of judging upon redefinition of crimes in native cultures. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-410. Students may register for credit in either 48-410 or 49-410.) (Prerequisite: one of 48-360, 48-345, 49-350, or 49-370, or consent of instructor.)

48-411. Challenging Global Development
A critical examination of theories and policies of global development and underdevelopment, including explorations of alternatives to modernization. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-411. Students may register for credit in either 48-411 or 49-411.) (Prerequisites: 48-226 or 49-226, or consent of instructor.)

48-415. Culture, Class, and Power
Discussion of the theoretical issues raised by application of cultural theory in a global context, including a discussion of contemporary theoretical approaches to understanding the way local cultural practice is influenced by macrosocial processes, and including an assessment of the post-modernist critique of anthropology. (This course is offered in Anthropology as 49-415. Students may register for credit in either 48-415 or 49-415.)

48-416. Methods of Survey Research
The design, implementation, and analysis of sample surveys will be carried out through completion of a sample survey. Topics will include research design, questionnaire construction, and techniques of interviewing, coding, and data analysis. (Prerequisites: 48-200 and 48-308, or consent of instructor.) (3 lecture hours, or 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial/laboratory hour a week.)

48-420. Special Topics in Power and Social Change
The focus of this seminar may vary from term to term; consult a Sociology program advisor for details. (Prerequisites: 48-345 and 48-346, or consent of instructor.)

48-421. Special Topics in Social Psychology
Topics may vary from term to term; consult a Sociology program advisor for details. (Prerequisites: 48-200, 48-201, 48-345, and 48-344 or 48-346, or consent of instructor.)

48-460. Social Deviance and Conformity
The various theories of social deviance with special emphasis on recent developments which are strongly influenced by historical and political perspectives. Topics may include: moral entrepreneurs and symbolic crusades, labelling madness and drunk driving, the medicalization on deviance, and elite deviance. May include studies of the police, social agencies, correctional programs, and the treatment of mental illness. (Prerequisites: 48-200, 48-260, 48-261, and 48-360 or consent of instructor.)

48-461. Family Law and Social Policy
This course examines the law and government policies applicable to the family with a view to determining their impact upon the family. Particular topics will include family law reform, divorce and property rights, the care and custody of children, definitions of family, and responsibilities for the care of children. (Prerequisite: 48-204.)

48-463. Sentencing
This course deals with sentencing, providing students with sociological and socio-legal theories regarding sentencing, the examination of sentencing practices, and the development of new sentencing approaches, particularly with reference to Canada. (Prerequisites: 48-260 and 48-261.)

48-465. Women, Law, and Crime
This course will examine major issues in the study of law and crime relevant to women. It will include a discussion of females as criminal offenders and as victims of crime, as well as addressing a variety of current topics in feminist legal scholarship, including abortion rights, reproductive technology, and parent/custody issues. (Prerequisites: 48-260, 48-261, and 48-262, or consent of instructor.)

48-469. Special Topics in Criminology
Topics may vary from term to term; consult a program advisor in Criminology for details. (Prerequisites: 48-260, 48-261, and 48-262, or consent of instructor.)

48-486. Minorities, Women, and the Mass Media
(This course is offered in Communication Studies as 40-486.)

48-496. Honours Essay
Independent research or internship conducted under the supervision of an individual faculty member. (Prerequisites: 48-200, 48-201, 48-345, and 48-344 or 48-346, or consent of instructor.)

3.17.3 COURSE DESCRIPTIONS—
ANTHROPOLOGY

Not all courses listed will necessarily be offered each year. All courses are three hours a week unless otherwise indicated.

Students wishing to concentrate in the area of international development in anthropology should consider the following guide for course selection: 49-112, 49-226 (or 48-226), 48-227, 49-232 (or 48-232), 49-236, 49-237, 49-238, 48-321, 49-330 (or 48-330), 49-331, 48-332, 49-340 (or 48-340), 49-352 (or 48-352), 49-370, and 49-411 (or 48-411.)

49-111. Introduction to Anthropology
A general introduction to the major fields and concerns of anthropology through an examination of the origin and evolution of humans and the rise of human societies. The significance of our evolutionary past for an understanding of the contemporary world. (3 lecture hours or 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial/laboratory hour a week.)

49-112. Principles of Socio-Cultural Anthropology
A general introduction to the principles of socio-cultural anthropology through an examination of the variety of human experience in societies throughout the world. An examination of the significance of cultural anthropology for overcoming the barriers o understanding other cultures and ourselves. (3 lecture hours or 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial/laboratory hour a week.)

49-120. Local Native Prehistory
This course provides an overview of the native occupations of Essex and Kent Counties and adjacent areas over the past 10,000 years, and up to the coming of Europeans. Prehistoric ways of life, artifacts, and the changes thereof in the cultures of the original peoples of southwestern Ontario are examined.

49-200. Social Research
Introduction to the different methods used in the conduct of social research, including experimentation, the use of existing data, and, in particular, qualitative and survey methods. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-200. Students may register for credit for either 49-200 or 48-200.) (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or 48-101 and 48-102, or consent of instructor.) (3 lecture hours or 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial/laboratory hour a week.)

49-201. Social Thought
The use of sociological and anthropological theories to examine issues of social structure and change. Shows how different theories offer very different perspectives on contemporary society, cultural diversity, and historical development. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-201. Students may register for credit for either 49-201 or 48-201.) (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or 48-101 and 48-102, or consent of instructor.)

49-213. Perspectives on Culture
An examination of the emergence, development, meaning, and idea of culture. The different ways the concept is used in applied anthropology, ethnographic research, and popular discourse are discussed. (Prerequisite: 49-112.)

49-215. Introduction to Physical Anthropology
A study of humans as biological beings, humans in evolutionary context and their specializations; their nearest living relatives and varieties. Sources and the nature of variations in living human populations; significance of the variations and the concept of race; approaches to the problems of evolution of human populations. (2 lectures, 1 laboratory hour a week.)

49-216. Introduction to Human Origins
The concept of biological evolution and the evidences of evolution. Human ancestral forms and their precursors. Evolution of modern human populations; riddles of human ancestry. (Prerequisite: 49-111, or 49-215, or consent of instructor.) (2 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour a week.)

49-217. Principles of Archaeology
A survey of the history, theory, and methods of anthropological archaeology. Emphasis is placed on archaeology's role as a social science, aimed at documenting and explaining past human cultural behaviour. (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or consent of instructor.)

49-218. Selected Problems in World Culture Prehistory
Current archaeological perspectives on the causes and processes of crucial episodes in cultural evolution are discussed. Topics include the rise of farming, the development of civilizations, metallurgy, long-distance trade, writing, diffusion vs. independent invention. (Prerequisite: 49-217 or consent of instructor.)

49-226. Introduction to International Development
An overview of the history and contemporary problems of economic development and underdevelopment and their effects upon marginalized populations; an assessment of issues such as the impact of colonialism, the nature and function of the global economy, the problems of food production, economic dependency, cultural resistance, and social change. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-226. Students may register for credit for either 49-226 or 48-226.) (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or 48-101 and 48-102, or consent of instructor.)

49-229. The Aging Experience
Cross-cultural concepts of aging; historical and cross-cultural comparisons in the aging process; the aged and their health and social status; the aged and the family; adjustment patterns.

49-232. Indigenous Peoples: A Comparative Perspective
A cross-cultural examination of issues concerning indigenous peoples in Canada and other parts of the world through a discussion of topics such as land claims, resource development, resistance, cultural rights, popular movements, and government policy. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-232. Students may register for credit in either 49-232 or 48-232.) (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or 48-101 and 48-102.)

49-236. Cultures of Asia
Selected problems of cultural ecology, intergroup relations, political evolution, political control, and colonialism will be considered through descriptions of selected, traditional societies in Asia. (Prerequisite: 49-112.)

49-237. Cultures of Oceania
Selected problems of cultural ecology, primitive economics, social and political evolution, and the impact of European colonialism will be considered through descriptions of selected cultures of New Guinea, Melanesia, and Polynesia. (Prerequisite: 49-112 or consent of instructor.)

49-238. Cultures of Africa
This course considers human development and prehistoric cultures of Africa, major cultural areas including city-states, kingdoms, the cattle-complex, etc. Cultural continuity and change are discussed along with population admixtures, European influences, the African world-view, and the problem of national identities. (Prerequisite: 49-112 or consent of instructor.)

49-239. Japanese Society
A broad examination of modern Japanese society on the institutional, organizational, and individual level, with particular attention to the continuities and changes patterning everyday life. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-239. Students may register for credit in either 49-239 or 48-239.) (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or 48-101 and 48-102, or consent of instructor.)

49-241. Race and Ethnic Relations in Canada
An analysis of the role and status of racial and ethnic minorities in pluralistic Canada, with particular focus on the causes, consequences, and possible solutions to racial and ethnic conflicts. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-241. Students may register for credit in either 49-241 or 48-241.) (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or 48-101 and 48-102, or consent of the instructor.)

49-242. Modern Japanese Popular Culture
Analysis of the contemporary mass culture of Japan, ranging from cultural heritage to various new cultural forms, and focussing on such issues as cultural nationalism, and cultural globalization. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-242. Students may register for credit in either 49-242 or 48-242.) (Prerequisites: or 49-111 and 49-112 or 48-101 and 48-102.)

49-305. Anthropological Study of Religion
A study of the interrelations between religious phenomena and social institutions, social structure and human behaviour. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-305. Students may register for credit in either 49-305 or 48-305.) (Prerequisite: 49-112 or consent of instructor.)

49-306. Sociology of Women
An overview of the economic, educational, familial, political, and religious factors affecting the position of women in society. A socio-historical analysis of the change in the roles and status of women in Canada and internationally with a view to understanding the nature of their impact upon major societal institutions. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-306. Students may register for credit in either 49-306 or 48-306.) (Prerequisites: 48-101 and 48-102, or 49-111 and 49-112.)

49-320. Environmental Anthropology
This course considers the interrelationship between human cultures and their environment—physical and biological; aspects of biology influencing the culture and culture influencing the biology of populations; human adaptations to their environment. (This course is also offered in Sociology as 48-320. Students may register for credit in either 49-320 or 48-320.)

49-323. Forensic Anthropology
A survey of the history and methods of forensic anthropology (medico-legal aspects). Students are introduced to the basic materials, methods, and techniques used in identifying human individual(s) on the basis of population groups, gender, age, and individual characteristics emerging from available evidences; the significance of these to anthropologists and criminologists. (Prerequisite: one of 49-111, 49-215, or consent of instructor.) (Restricted only to majors in Anthropology, Sociology, Criminology, Family and Social Relations, or Biology.) (2 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour a week.)

49-330. Latin America: A Comparative Perspective
Selected problems of rural and urban development, the debt crisis, nationalism, and cultural change will be examined through an analysis of specific Latin American countries. (This course is also offered in Sociology as 48-330. Students may register for credit in either 49-330 or 48-330.)

49-331. Aboriginal Peoples of Canada
An examination of aboriginal communities in Canada and the processes leading to their transformation. The course will focus on specific ethnographic examples and provide an in-depth analysis of different ways of life. (Prerequisite: 49-232 or 48-232 or consent of instructor.)

49-333. Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict
An analysis of ethnic identity, ethnic group formatin, ethropolitical mobilization, nationalism, racism, ethnic conflicts, ethnic violence including genocide, and conflict resolution in various societies throughout the world. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-333. Students may register for credit in either 48-333 or 49-333.) (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or 48-101 and 48-102.)

49-335. Human Growth and Aging/Gerontology
General and cross-cultural aspects of body growth, maturity and aging; influence of socio-cultural environments; social systems, longevity and aging; a demographic profile of the aged in Canada. Medical technology and the aged; problems of the aged in Canadian context. Theories on aging and their significance. (This course is also offered in Sociology as 48-335. Students may register for credit either in 49-335 or 48-335.)

49-336. Medical Anthropology/Sociology
A brief history of the development of the discipline. Problems and the nature of health and diseases in ancient and modern human populations; concepts of health and disease and indigenous medical systems. Aspects of social organization and the prevalence of diseases. Roles of curers, (medical practitioners), support staff, patients, and their interrelations; technological innovations and the problems of health. (This course is also offered in Sociology as 48-336. Students may register for credit in either 49-336 or 48-336.) (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or 48-101 and 48-102.)

49-337. Demography and Epidemiology
An introduction to the basic concepts and techniques of demography and epidemiology. Through a survey of methods, students assemble and critically examine population data. Topical areas include development and health status, health of aboriginal peoples, crime statistics, and demographic profiling of special populations, i.e., the aged, women, ethnic groups, young offenders, etc. (This course is also offered in Sociology as 48-337. Students may register for credit in either 49-337 or 48-337.) (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or 48-101 and 48-102.)

49-338. Culture and Nutrition
An examination of the relationship between human cultural environments and diet. Cross-cultural, historical, and symbolic perspectives are applied to the concepts of food, diet, and nutrition and to their relationship to culture and the wider political economy. Topics include dietary biocultural adaptation, "diseases of development", and the examination of various food-health connections. (This course is also offered in Sociology as 48-338. Students may register for credit in either 49-338 or 48-338.) (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or 48-101 and 48-102.)

49-340. Food and Global Sustainability
A comparative examination of the emergence of a global food system and its implications for culture and the environment. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-340. Students may register for credit in either 49-340 or 48-340.)

49-350. Family and Kin in Global Perspective
Cross-cultural analysis of family relations and kin ties, including critical examinations of patterns of marriage, descent, and family residence, and their relation to the organization of a society. (Prerequisite: 49-112 or consent of instructor.)

49-352. Women and International Development
An examination of the impact of global processes on gender relations, including a consideration of the importance of cross-cultural variations in the family, political/economic systems, and gender ideologies. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-352. Students may register for credit in either 49-352 or 48-352.) (Prerequisite: 49-226 or 48-226 or consent of instructor.)

49-353. The Ethnography
An exploration of the methodological and theoretical implications of the ethnography in the social sciences, including historical and contemporary approaches to ethnographic writing. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-353. Students may register for credit in either 49-353 or 48-353.) (Prerequisite: 49-112 or consent of instructor.)

49-356. Cultural Theory
Through a selective examination of classical theories, this seminar offers a discussion of the value and limitations of interpretive anthropology. (Prerequisite: 49-112 or consent of instructor.)

49-370. Political Anthropology
An analysis of the political systems of band, tribal, chiefdom, and state societies. Mechanisms of social control are discussed along with their implications for the organization of these societies. (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or 48-101 and 48-102, or consent of instructor.)

49-380. Emergence of Civilization in the Old World
An intensive investigation into the developments which produced the civilizations of the Old World, with special reference to village growth, urbanization, and the formation of complex societies and the states. (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or consent of instructor.)

49-381. Emergence of Civilization in the New World
A description and analysis of the evolution of the civilizations of Mexico, and Central America. Topics to be especially emphasized are the origins of farming and settled villages, urbanization, and the evolution of the state in these areas. (Prerequisites: 49-111 and 49-112, or consent of instructor.)

49-401. Research Methods in Social/Cultural Anthropology
Examinations of questions of the ethics, responsibility, and objectivity in problem formulation, research design, and data collection. Historical and contemporary significance of fieldwork to anthropology and social science generally. Techniques of fieldwork and data collection methods. The development of a limited research project will be encouraged. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-401. Students may register for credit is either 49-401 or 48-401.) (Prerequisites: 49-200 and 49-201, or 48-200 and 48-201, or consent of instructor.)

49-402. Qualitative Methodology
An examination of historical, comparative, and interpretive research strategies employed in qualitative social science, including discussion of responsibilities to research subjects, the politics and ethics of research, and the development of research proposals. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-402. Students may register for credit in either 49-402 or 48-402.) (Prerequisites: 49-200 and 49-201, or 48-200 and 48-201, or consent of instructor.)

49-405. Messianic Movements
Analysis of messianic, nativistic, and revival movements against the background of Zoroastrism, Judeo-Christian Messianism, and Hellenistic mystery-cults. Critical review of modern theories.

49-406. Aboriginal Peoples
Advanced seminar on issues relating to aboriginal peoples in Canada and elsewhere.

49-407. Alcohol, Drugs, and Society
A primarily social science orientation to alcohol and drugs with a focus on social structure, social learning, and public policy. Advanced concepts and issues surrounding substance use and abuse are introduced in a critical examination of current theoretical and research paradigms. Legislative, law enforcement, treatment, and prevention strategies are described and evaluated. Special topics include problems of alcohol and drugs as related to sports, work, crime, and the current "war on drugs". (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-407. Students may register for credit in either 49-407 or 48-407.) (Prerequisites: 49-200 and 49-201, or 48-200 and 48-201, or consent of instructor.)

49-410. Crime and Custom in Cross-Cultural Perspectives
The nature of crime and delinquency in non-western societies; effects of the imposition of alien laws and methods of judging upon redefinition of crimes in native cultures. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-410. Students may register for credit in either 49-410 or 48-410.) (Prerequisite: one of 49-350, 49-370, 48-344, or 48-345, or consent of instructor.)

49-411. Challenging Global Development
A critical examination of theories and policies of global development and underdevelopment, including explorations of alternatives to modernization. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-411. Students may register for credit in either 49-411 or 48-411.) (Prerequisites: 49-226 or 48-226, or consent of instructor.)

49-415. Culture, Class, and Power
Discussion of the theoretical issues raised by application of cultural theory in a global context, including a discussion of contemporary theoretical approaches to understanding the way local cultural practice is influenced by macrosocial processes, and including an assessment of the post-modernist critique of anthropology. (This course is offered in Sociology as 48-415. Students may register for credit in either 49-415 or 48-415.)

49-430. Research Methods in Physical Anthropology
An examination of current theoretical and research trends in physical anthropology. Discussions of research design, data collection, analysis and report writing will be applied to individual student projects. (Prerequisite: 49-215 or consent of instructor.) (l lecture, 2 laboratory hours a week.)

The following courses are open to third- and fourth-year honours students. These courses are not usually listed in the University's timetable. Students wishing to enrol should consult with an instructor in the appropriate sub-discipline and complete the prescribed form available in the Sociology and Anthropology office.

49-440. Directed Readings in Prehistory and Archaeology
Independent study and readings with members of the Anthropology faculty.

49-441. Special Topics in Anthropology
Independent study and readings with members of the Anthropology faculty. This course may be offered as a seminar course if numbers warrant

49-442. Directed Readings in Cultural Anthropology
Independent study and readings with members of the Anthropology faculty.

49-445. Directed Studies in Anthropological Research I
The student will carry through a limited research project under the direct supervision of a faculty member. (Prerequisite or corequisite: one course from 49-440, 49-441, or 49-442.)

49-446. Directed Studies in Anthropological Research II
The student will carry through a limited research project under the direct supervision of a faculty member. (Prerequisite or corequisite: one course from 49-440, 49-441, or 49-442.).

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3.17 Sociology and Anthropology