| Cross Index | Caulobacter |
| SuperSet | Prokaryote, Eubacteria Budding and/or Appendaged Bacteria |
| Compare | Prosthecate Bacteria: Ancalomicrobium adetum Asticcacaulis Caulobacter Dichotomicrobium thermohalophilum,
Filomicrobium fusiforme,
Hirschia baltica,
Hyphomicrobium Hyphomonas, Labrys monachus , Pedomicrobium, Prosthecobacter fusiformis,
Prosthecomicrobium,
Stella, Verrucomicrobium spinosum Non Prosthecate Bacteria Angulomicrobium tetraedrale Blastobacter Ensifer adherans,Gallionella ferrunginea Gemmiger formicilis, Nevskia ramosa, Seliberia stellata Planctomycetales Planctomyces, Gemmata obscuriglobus , Isosphaera pallida, Pirelulla |
| Contrast | Archaea |
| Subset |
| Morphology | Caulobacter |
| CELLULAR |
| Staining | Gram-negative |
| Morphology | |
| Motility | . Polar, single flagellum in motile stage. |
| Specialized structures | Cells rod- or vibrioid-shaped or fusiform, 0.4-0.6 x 1-2 um;rarely larger. Morphology of the dividing cell is unique among unicellular procaryotes: the younger pole of the cell bears a single flagellum, and the older pole bears a prostheca (the stalk) derived from the cell envelope. The stalk includes outer membrane, peptidoglycan, cell membrane, and a core sometimes observed to be occupied in part by membranes but not in any case by any other discernible cytoplasmic components. Stalk diameter is constant along its length, varying from 0.11 to 0.18 um among isolates. At the base of the flagellum and at the outer tip of the stalk is a small mass of adhesive material, the holdfast, which confers adhesiveness on each of the progeny. Binary fission is constrictive and is completed without formation of a septum. The stalk-bearing progeny cell grows and eventually repeat the asymmetric cell division. The flagellum-bearing progeny cell, after a period of motility, releases the flagellum and develops its stalk at the previously flagellated site as it grows and proceeds to its asymmetric cell division. |
| Division |
| COLONIAL |
| Solid surface | Colonies are circular, convex and glistening, with smooth margin; are butyrous or (rarely) glutinous in texture; and amy be colourless or any of several shades of pink, yellow or orange due to production of carotenoid pigments or, upon aging, may be light brown |
| Liquid | In unagitated liquid cultures, cells accumulate as a surface film or heavier pellicle and develop as a ring of growth on the vessel wall at or just below the air-liquid interface. Growth in agitated liquid cultures is evenly dispersed. |
| Growth Parameters | Caulobacter |
| PHYSIOLOGICAL |
| Tropism | Chemoorganotrophic and oligotrophic |
| Oxygen | Strictly respiratory and aerobic*; only O2 serves as terminal electron acceptor for growth, although nitrate may be reduced to nitrite. |
| pH | |
| Temperature | Optimal pH near neutrality: pH 6-9 tolerated. Maximum Optimal temperature for growth; 20-25%C; tolerated range for growth: 10- 35`C. |
| Requirements | grow readily in media such as peptone-yeast extract below 0.1% (w/v) organic material but not in standard nutrient broth with 0.8% (w/v) organic solutes. Typically require organic growth factors: B vitamins, amino acids or other unidentified substances. Glucose and glutamic acid are the most widely utilized carbon sources. |
| Products | During growth, do not produce acid or gas from sugars |
| Enzymes | |
| Unique features | specific rates of exponential growth: 0.12-0.46 h-1 |
| ENVIRONMENTAL |
| Habitat | |
| Lifestyle | |
| Pathogenicity |
| Distribution |
| Genome | Caulobacter |
| G+C Mol % | 62- 67 (Bd) |
| Reference | Caulobacter |
| First citation | Henrici,A.T. and D.E. Johnson 1935. Studies on freshwater bacteia II. Stalked bacteia. a new order of Schizomycetes. J. Bacteriol 30:61-93 |
| The Prokaryotes | |
| Bergey's Systematatic | p 1924 J. S. Poindexter |
| Bergey's Determinative | p 459 |
| References |