Acidianus
SuperSet Prokaryote, Archaea, Extremely Thermophilic Archaeobacteria
Compare Acidianus Desulfurococcus, Desulfurolobus ambivalens Hyperthermus butylicus , Metallosphaera sedula Pyrobaculum Pyrococcus, Pyrodictium Staphylothermus marinus Sulfolobus Thermococcus Thermodiscus maritimus Thermofilum, Thermoproteus

compare with Desulfurolobus ambivalens

Contrast Methanogens
Cell Wall-Less Archaeobacteria
Sulfate Reducing Archaeobacteria
Halophilic Archaeobacteria
Extremely Thermophilic Archaeobacteria
Subset  

 

Morphology Acidianus
CELLULAR  
Staining  
Morphology Cells coccoid, highly irregular, about 0.5-2 um in diameter, occurring almost exclusively singly
Motility nonmotile.
Specialized structures Cell envelope composed of protein subunits in hexagonal array (U. Sleytr, personal communication
Division  
COLONIAL  
Solid surface  
Liquid  

 

Growth Parameters Acidianus
PHYSIOLOGICAL  
Tropism Lithotrophic
Oxygen Facultatively anaerobic growth aerobically via S` oxidation or anaerobically via S` reduction with H2.
pH Thermoacidophilic, grows at pH 1-6.
Temperature Thermoacidophilic, grows above 45`C
Requirements Optimum concentration for growth: around 0.2% NaCl; maximum: 4% NaCl.
Products  
Enzymes  
Unique features Isopranyl ether lipids, calditol and caldariella quinone present (Langworthy 1985; T. Langworthy and M. Collins,). Elongation factor 2 is ADP-ribosylated by diphtheria toxin (F. Klink, )..
ENVIRONMENTAL  
Habitat  
Lifestyle  
Pathogenicity  
Distribution  

 

Genome Acidianus
G+C Mol % 31
   

 

Reference Acidianus
First citation Segerer, A., A. Neuner, J.K. Kristjansson and K. O. Stetter. 1986. Acidianus infernus gen. nov. sp. nov., and Acidianus brierleyi comb. nov: facultatively aerobic, extremely acidiphilic, thermophilic sulfur metabolizing archaebacteria. IJSB 36: 559-564
The Prokaryotes  
Bergey's Systematatic p 2251 A. Segerer and K. O. Stetter
Bergey's Determinative p 749
References