| Actinomadura ,(/,)/,( |
| Morphology | Actinomadura |
| CELLULAR |
| Staining | Gram positive |
| Morphology | Extensively branching vegetative hyphae, forming a dense, non-fragmenting substrate mycelium; aerial mycelium moderately developed or absent. When aerial mycelium is lacking colonies have a leathery or cartilaginous appearance. The aerial mycelium at maturity forms short or occasionally long chains of arthrospores. Spore chains straight, hooked (open loops), or irregular spirals (1-4 turns). Spore surface smooth or warty. Colour of mature sporulated aerial mycelium white, gray to brownish, yellow, red (pink and rose), blue, greenish, or violet |
| Motility | |
| Specialized structures |
| Division |
| COLONIAL |
| Solid surface |
| Liquid |
| Growth Parameters | Actinomadura |
| PHYSIOLOGICAL |
| Tropism | chemoorganotrophic |
| Oxygen | Aerobes, |
| pH | |
| Temperature | Temperature range 20-45`C. Some species grow at temperatures within the thermophilic range (up to 55`C). |
| Requirements | |
| Products | |
| Enzymes | |
| Unique features | Cell wall contains meso-2,6- diaminopimelic acid (meso-DAP) as principal diamino acid and major amounts of galactose in most strains. Whole-cell hydrolysates contain the sugar madurose. Mycolic acids absent. Menaquinones are predominantly of the MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H6) type. Additional menaquinones of the MK-9(H2) and MK-9(H8) types occur.. |
| ENVIRONMENTAL |
| Habitat | Isolated from soils of different regions. Has also been found in clinical specimens |
| Lifestyle | |
| Pathogenicity |
| Distribution |
| Genome | Actinomadura |
| G+C Mol % | 65-69 |
| Reference | Actinomadura |
| First citation | Lechevalier,H.A. and M.P.Lechevalier 1970. A critical evaluation of the genera of aerobic actinomycetes. In Prauser (Editor), The Actinomycetales, VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag pp 393-405 |
| The Prokaryotes | |
| Bergey's Systematatic | p 2511 Jutta Meyer |
| Bergey's Determinative | p 679 |
| References |