Immunodeficency Disorders

 

Outline Key Terms Questions Tables Web Links Multiple Choice Questions Updated 13/02/01

Few minds wear out; more rust out
Christian Nestell Bovee

Learning without thought is useless;
thought without learning is dangerous
Confucius
  Life in a drop of water; or
even on the furniture

Who am I? When investigating children who lacked a thymus, I observed that they had normal numbers of lymphocytes and immunoglobulin levels but that they lacked a cell mediated response. This syndrome now bears my name

Who Am I? Born in Germany in 1843, I was the first to show that tuberculosis was an infectious disease. I developed the tuberculin skin test and received the Nobel Prize in 1905.

Who am I? Despite the fact that I performed an experiment that was a violation of research standards, I am consdiered the founder of immunology and the scientists who has made the greatest contribution to human welfare.

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Tables
Prevalance of Immunodeficiency Diseases
Phagocytic defeciences
Deficiencies
Combined Deficiences

WEB LINKS

 
Immunological Diseases Web Site
This is an extensive meta site hosted by the Karolinska Institute Library and Information Center covering immunologic diseases.

URL --> http://www.mic.ki.se/Diseases/c20.html

OUTLINE/SUMMARY

  1. Phagocytic Deficiencies
    • Reduced Neutrophils
    • Defective phagocytes
    • adherence defects
    • chemotactic defectgs
    • killing defects
  2. Humoral Deficiencies
    • X-linked agammaglobulinemia
    • X-linked hyper-IgM Syndrome
    • Common variable hypogammaglobulinemia
    • Selective immunoglobulin deficiences
  3. Cell mediated Deficiences
    • DiGeorge sysndrome
    • Nude mice
  4. Combined Immunodeficiences
    • Reticular dysgenesis
    • Bare lymphocyte syndrome
    • SCID
    • Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
  5. Complement Deficiences

 

DEFINE THE FOLLOWING KEY TERMS:
Analphylaxis localized anaphylaxis generalized anaphylaxis
leukotrienes prostoglandins histamine
desensitization ABO blood group Rh factor
erythroblastosis fetalis delayed hypersensitivity Type I hypersensitivity
Type II hypersensitivity Type III hypersensitivity Type IV hypersensitivity
Systemic lupus erythematosus rheumatoid arthritis Hashimoto's thyroiditis
privelged site autograft isograft
allograft xenograft hypersensitivity

 

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

  1. Describe the mechanism of anaphylaxis
  2. List three mediators released in anaphylactic hypersensitivities
  3. Compare and contrast systemic and localized anaphylaxis
  4. Describe the basis of ABO and Rh blood group systems
  5. Describe hemolytic disease of the newborn; how it develops and how it is prevented
  6. Describe the mecahnism of immune complex reactions
  7. Give two examples of cell mediated reactions
  8. Describe a mechanism for self tolerance
  9. Give an example of Type I,II,III and IV autoimmune disease
  10. Explain how rejection of a transplant is prevented
  11. Explain how graft vs host disease occurs
  12. Give two examples of immunotheraphy
  13. Give two examples of how emerging infectious diseases arise
  14. Describe the stage of HIV infection
  15. Describe the effects of HIV infection on the immune system
  16. LIST the routes of HIV transmission
  17. Identify three basic epidemiological patterns of HIV transmission
  18. LIST the currents methods of preventing and treating HIV infection
  19. What happens to a recipient of an incompatible blood type
  20. Do people with AIDS make antibodies? If so, why are they said to have an immunodeficiency? If they do not, why not?
  21. The first preparations nsed for artificially acquired passive immunity were antibodies in horse serum. A complication that resulted fromthe therapeutic use of horse serum was immune complex disease. Why does this occur?
  22. Fungal infections such as athlete's foot are chronic. These fungi egrade keratin but are not invasive and do not produce toxins. Why do you suppose that many of the symptoms of a fungal infection are due to hypersensitivity to the fungus?