| Haloarcula |
| SuperSet | Prokaryote, Archaea, Halophilic Archaeobacteria |
| Compare | Haloarcula , Halobacterium, Halococcus , Haloferax ,Natronobacterium , Natronococcus occultus Eubacteria: Halomonas |
| Contrast | Methanogens Cell Wall-Less Archaeobacteria Sulfate Reducing Archaeobacteria Halophilic Archaeobacteria Extremely Thermophilic Archaeobacteria |
| Subset |
| Morphology | Haloarcula |
| CELLULAR |
| Staining | Gram-negative |
| Morphology | Cells may be rods in liquid culture but are extremely pleomorphic, usually flat, 1-3 um across with a range of shapes from triangles and squares to irregular disks. |
| Motility | Some strains motile |
| Specialized structures | Resting stages are not known |
| Division |
| COLONIAL |
| Solid surface |
| Liquid |
| Growth Parameters | Haloarcula |
| PHYSIOLOGICAL |
| Tropism | Chemoorganotrophic utilize many substrates as sources of carbon and energy |
| Oxygen | Aerobic or facultative anaerobic. |
| pH | |
| Temperature | Temperature range for
growth: 30-55`C optimum temperature; 40-45`C |
| Requires | Extremely halophilic,
with growth occurring in media containing 2.0-5.2 M NaCl;
optimum concentration 2.5 M NaCl Mg2+ required for growth: 0.005M Amino acids are not required |
| Produces | Acids are produced from sugars |
| Enzymes | Oxidase and catalase positive |
| Unique features | .The polar lipids are characterized by the presence of C20,C20 derivatives of TGD-2. |
| ENVIRONMENTAL |
| Habitat | |
| Lifestyle | |
| Pathogenicity |
| Distribution |
| Genome | Haloarcula |
| G+C Mol % | 61.9-64.7 (Bd) A minor DNA component may be present. |
| Reference | Haloarcula |
| First citation | Torreblanca, M.F., F. Rodriguez-Valera, G. Juez, A. Ventosa, M. Kamekura and M. Kates. 1986. Classification of non-alkaliphilic halobacteria based on numerical taxonomy and polar lipid composition and description of Haloarcula gen. nov. and Haloferax gen. nov. Syst Appl. Microbiol 8: 89-99. |
| The Prokaryotes | |
| Bergey's Systematatic | p 2224 Wm. D. Grant and H. Larsen |
| Bergey's Determinative | p 742 |
| References |