Streptomyces
SuperSet Prokaryote, Eubacteria, Actinomycetes, Streptomycetes and Related Genera
Compare Intrasporangium calvum, Kineospora aurantiaca, Sporichthya polymorpha, Streptomyces, Streptoverticillium
Contrast Nocardioform Actinomycetes, Actinomycetes with Multilocular Sporangia , Actinoplanetes , Streptomycetes and Related Genera Maduromycetes, Thermomonospora & Friends, Thermoactinomycetes, Actinomycetes: Other Genera

Archaea

Subset  

 

Morphology Streptomyces
CELLULAR  
Staining Gram-positive but not acid-alcohol fast.
Morphology Vegetative hyphae (0.5-1.0 um in diameter) produce an extensively branched mycelium that rarely fragments. The aerial mycelium at maturity forms chains of three to many spores. A few species bear short chains of spores on the substrate mycelium. Sclerotia, pycnidialsporangia-, and synnemata-like structures may be formed by some species. Form discrete and lichenoid, leathery or butyrous colonies. Initially colonies are relatively smooth surfaced but later they develop a weft of aerial mycelium that may appear floccose, granular, powdery, or velvety. Produce a wide variety of pigments responsible for the colour of the vegetative and aerial mycelia
Motility Spores are nonmotile.
Specialized structures  
Division  
COLONIAL  
Solid surface Coloured diffusible pigments may be formed
Liquid  

 

Growth Parameters Streptomyces
PHYSIOLOGICAL  
Tropism Chemoorganotrophic
Oxygen Aerobes. oxidative type of metabolism
pH optimum pH range for growth 6.5-8.0.
Temperature Temperature optimum 25-35`C; some species grow at temperatures within the psychrophilic and thermophilic range;
Requirements Use a wide range of organic compounds as sole sources of carbon for energy
Products Generally reduce nitrates to nitrites and degrade adenine, esculin, casein, gelatin, hypoxanthine, starch, and L-tyrosine
Enzymes Catalase positive
Unique features . Many strains produce one or more antibiotics.,The cell wall peptidoglycan contains major amounts of L- diaminopimelic acid (L-DAP). They lack mycolic acids,contain major amounts of saturated, iso- and anteiso-fatty acids, possess either hexa- or octahydrogenated menaquinones with nine isoprene units as the predominant isoprenolog, and have complex polar lipid patterns that typically contain diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phospha- tidylinositol, and phosphatidylinositol mannosides..
ENVIRONMENTAL  
Habitat They are widely distributed and abundant in soil including composts.
Lifestyle  
Pathogenicity A few species are pathogenic for animals and man, others are phytopathogens
Distribution  

 

Genome Streptomyces
G+C Mol % 69-78 (Tm)
   

 

Reference Streptomyces
First citation Waksman,S.A. and A.T. Henrici. 1943.The nomenclature and classification of the actinomycetes. J. Bacteriol. 46: 337-341
The Prokaryotes  
Bergey's Systematatic p 2452 S. T Williams, M. Goodfellow, and G. Anderson
Bergey's Determinative p 668
References