(Ext. 2647)
Krause, Lucjan; B.Sc. (London), M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto), D.Sc. (London; Nicholas Copernicus), F.Inst.P.—1958.
Szamosi, Geza; Ph.D., D.Sc. (Budapest)—1964.
Holuj, Frank; B.Sc. (London), M.Sc., Ph.D. (McMaster)—1961.
Drake, Gordon W. F.; B.Sc. (McGill), M.Sc. (Western Ontario), Ph.D. (York), F.Inst.P., F.R.S.C.—1969. (Killam Research Fellow, 1990–1992)
McConkey, John William; B.Sc., Ph.D. (Queen's University of Belfast), F.Inst.P.—1970. (Killam Research Fellow, 1986–1988)
van Wijngaarden, Arie; B.Sc., Ph.D. (McMaster)—1961.
Schlesinger, Mordechay; M.Sc., Ph.D. (Jerusalem), F.Inst.P.—1968.
Baylis, William Eric; B.S. (Duke), M.S. (Illinois), D.Sc. (Technical University of Munich)—1969. (Head of the Department)
Atkinson, John Brian; M.A., D. Phil. (Oxford)—1972.
Helbing, Reinhard K. B.; Dipl. Phys., Dr. Rer. Nat. (Bonn)—1972.
Glass, Edward N.; B.S. (Carnegie-Mellon), M.S., Ph.D. (Syracuse)—1974.
Jensen, Erik Troels; B.Sc. (Victoria), Ph.D. (Cambridge)—1993.
The Department of Physics offers programs of study leading to the Bachelor of Science degree in Honours Physics, Honours Physics and Computer Science, and the general degree with a major in Physics. These programs are subject to the regulations of the Faculty of Science as outlined in 5.3.1 and 5.3.2.
1) An average of 5.0 or better in 62-110, 62-111, 64-110, and 64-111 combined is required for continuation in the general degree program.
2) An average of 8.0 or better in 62-110, 62-111, 64-110, and 64-111 combined is required for continuation in the Honours Physics, and Honours Physics and Computer Science programs.
All options must be approved by the Department of Physics.
Total courses: thirty.
Major requirements: thirteen courses, consisting of both 64-110 and 64-111 (or both 64-102 and 64-103, or both 64-106 and 64-107); plus 64-151, 64-220, 64-221, 64-222, 64-250, 64-261, 64-310, 64-311, 64-322, 64-331, and 64-350.
(a)
59-110, 62-100, 62-110, 62-111, 62-120, both 62-210 and 62-211 (or both 62-215 and 62-216), and 62-218;
(b)
four courses from the Faculties of Arts and Social Science, with at least one from each;
(c)
five courses from any department, school, or faculty, including Physics.
Common Level 1: ten courses, including 59-110, 62-100, 62-110, 62-111, 62-120, 64-110, 64-111, and 64-151.
Level 2: ten courses, including both 62-210 and 62-211, 64-220, 64-221, 64-222, 64-250, and 64-261.
Level 3: Ten courses, including 62-218, 64-310, 64-311, 64-322, 64-331, and 64-350.
Honours Physics
Total courses: forty.
Major requirements:twenty-three courses, including both 64-110 and 64-111 (or both 64-102 and 64-103, or both 64-106 and 64-107); plus 64-151, 64-220, 64-221, 64-222, 64-250, 64-261, 64-310, 64-311, 64-321, 64-322, 64-331, 64-350, 64-351, 64-413 (or 64-412), 64-420, 64-443, 64-450, 64-451, and 64-460; plus at least two additional courses at the 300 level or higher. (With departmental approval, one or both of these additional courses may be taken in Mathematics or Chemistry.)
(a) 59-110, 62-100, 62-110, 62-111, 62-120, both 62-210 and 62-211 (or both 62-215 and 62-216), 62-218 (or 62-312), and 62-360;
(b) eight additional courses from any department, school, or faculty, including Physics.
Level 1: ten courses, including 59-110, 62-100, 62-110, 62-111, 62-120, 64-110, 64-111, and 64-151.
Level 2: ten courses, including both 62-210 and 62-211 (or both 62-215 and 62-216), 62-218, 64-220, 64-221, 64-222, 64-250, and 64-261.
Level 3: ten courses, including 62-360, 64-310, 64-311, 64-321, 64-322, 64-331, 64-350, and 64-351.
Level 4: ten courses, including 64-413 (or 64-412), 64-420, 64-443, 64-450, 64-451, and 64-460.
In Level 3 and Level 4, at least two additional courses must be Physics courses at the 300 level or higher.
Honours students wishing to specialize in applied physics should select additional courses in physics beyond the required minimum of twenty-three, and up to the maximum of thirty-one physics courses from the following: 64-360, 64-381, 64-481, 64-484, 64-485, and 64-487.
Total courses: forty.
Major requirements—Physics: fourteen courses, consisting of both 64-110 and 64-111 (or both 64-102 and 64-103, or both 64-106 and 64-107); plus 64-151, 64-220, 64-221, 64-222, 64-250, 64-261, 64-314, 64-315, 64-321, 64-322, 64-350, and 64-360.
Major requirements—Computer Science: thirteen courses, consisting of 60-100, 60-102, 60-104, 60-108, 60-212, 60-214, 60-231, 60-254, 60-255, 60-265, 60-330, and 60-499 (a 6.0 credit hour course.)
Other requirements:
(a)62-100, 62-110, 62-111, 62-120, both 62-210 and 62-211 (or both 62-215 and 62-216), 62-218, 65-253 (or 65-250), 62-360, and 62-380;
(b)three courses from any department, school, or faculty, including Physics and Computer Science.
Level 1: 64-110, 64-111, 64-151, 60-100, 60-102, 60-104, 60-108, 62-100, 62-110, and 62-111.
Level 2: 64-220, 64-261, 60-212, 60-214, 60-231, 60-254, 60-255, 62-120, 62-210, and 62-211.
Level 3: 64-221, 64-222, 64-250, 64-314, 64-315, 60-265, 60-330, 62-218, 62-360, and one other course.
Level 4: 64-321, 64-322, 64-350, 64-360, 60-494 (a 6.0 credit course), 62-380, 65-253, and two other courses.
See Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 5.6.2.
For Faculty of Science regulations, see 5.3.2.
Total courses: forty.
Major requirements—Physics: thirteen courses, consisting of both 64-110 and 64-111 (or both 64-102 and 64-103, or both 64-106 and 64-107), 64-151, 64-220, 64-221, 64-222, 64-250, 64-261, 64-310, 64-311, 64-322, 64-331, and 64-350.
Major requirements—Other Subject: as prescribed by that department or school.
(a)59-110, 62-100, 62-110, 62-111, 62-120, both 62-210 and 62-211 (or both 62-215 and 62-216), and 62-218;
(b)any additional, non-major requirements as determined by the second department or school;
(c)additional courses, if necessary, from any department, school, or faculty, to a total of forty.
The minor in Physics consists of both 64-110 and 64-111 (or both 64-102 and 64-103, or both 64-106 and 64-107); plus 64-151 and three of 64-220, 64-221, 64-222, 64-250, and 64-261. Selected courses leading to a minor in physics may not consist of antirequisites to courses in the student's program. Students must also remember to select only courses which may be otherwise counted for credit towards their degree programs.
See Faculty of Science, 5.3.1.
See Faculty of Science, 5.3.1.
See Faculty of Science, 5.3.1.
Each physics course is designated by the number 64- followed by 3 digits, of which the first gives the level of the course and the second describes the area of specialization. The third digit indicates when the course is usually offered. Even numbers (and zero) generally correspond to courses beginning in September and odd numbers to courses beginning in January.
Not all courses listed will necessarily be offered in each year.
Wave motion, pressure amplitudes, interference; propagation of sound; simple harmonic oscillators; resonance, vibrating strings and air columns, percussion instruments; natural modes of vibration, vibration recipes; impedance; piano strings; hearing; pitch, loudness, tone quality; intensity measurement and sound level; steady tones, harmonics, Fourier spectra, modulation, electronic synthesis. (No prerequisite.) (2 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour a week.)
Acoustical study of bowed stringed instruments, organs, flutes, reed instruments, brass instruments, human voice; formants, feedback, input impedance, harmonic spectra; room acoustics; sound reproduction; pitch perception, combination tones, masking; consonance and dissonance; tuning and temperament. (Prerequisite: 64-100.) (2 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour a week.)
Mechanics, properties of matter, heat and thermodynamics. A calculus-based course. (Prerequisites: OAC Physics and OAC Calculus, or equivalents, or consent of instructor. Students lacking the Physics prerequisite should take 64-106.) (Antirequisites: 64-106 and 64-110.) (3 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
Wave motion, sound, light, electricity, nuclear radiation. A continuation of 64-102. (Prerequisite: 64-102, or equivalent, or consent of instructor.) (Antirequisites: 64-107 and 64-111.) (3 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
Same as 64-102 but intended for students lacking the Physics prerequisite. (Prerequisite: OAC Calculus and Grade 12 Advanced Level Physics, or equivalent.) (Antirequisites: 64-102 and 64-110.) (3 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
Wave motion, sound, light, electricity, nuclear radiation. A continuation of 64-106. (Prerequisite: 64-106, or 64-102, or equivalent .) (Antirequisites: 64-103 and 64-111.) (3 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
Mechanics, properties of matter, heat and kinetic theory. (Prerequisites: OAC Physics and OAC Calculus, with an A grade in at least one of them, or equivalent, or consent of instructor; corequisite: 62-110 or 62-116.) (Antirequisites: 64-102 and 64-106.) (3 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
Electricity and magnetism, wave motion, sound, light and modern physics. (Prerequisite: 64-110; corequisite: 62-111 or 62-117.) (Antirequisites: 64-103 and 64-107.) (3 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
The development of critical quantitative thinking in applications of physics to everyday phenomena. The course is designed for general, non-science students but should also serve students majoring in science but weak in problem solving skills. By helping students to sharpen their analytical skills in applications of physical concepts, the course is meant to increase numeracy without being heavily mathematical. It concentrates on mechanics, properties of matter, and heat with the aid of tools such as vectors, functional relationships, their graphical representations, and elements of statistics and error analysis. (3 lecture hours a week.)
A continuation of 64-114. Elements of sound, light, electricity and magnetism, and concepts of waves, cycles, periodic motion, phase angles, resonance, scattering, cycles, circuits, input/output, and feedback, investigated with tools including order-of-magnitude estimates, elementary dimensional analysis, relative sizes, and scaling. (Prerequisite: 64-114 or consent of instructor.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
An introduction to practical problem-solving and data-analysis techniques in physics, emphasizing computer-aided graphical and approximate computational methods; order-of-magnitude estimations, the elements of dimensional analysis, approximate evaluation of functions, parameter optimization, complex numbers, an introduction to fractals, vector algebra, dyads. (Prerequisites: 64-102, or 64-110, or equivalent and 62-110 or equivalent.) (2 lecture, 2 laboratory hours a week.)
The solar system with emphasis on the results of recent space exploration. This is a descriptive course suitable for the non-scientist. (May be taken by B.Sc. students for credit, but does not count as a Physics course or other science option towards the fulfillment of the requirements for the B.Sc. degree.) (2 lecture hours a week.)
The stars, galaxies, including pulsars, black holes, and quasars. Current theories of the structure of the universe will be discussed. This is a descriptive course suitable for the non-scientist. (May be taken by B.Sc. students for credit, but does not count as a Physics course or other science option towards the fulfillment of the requirements for the B.Sc. degree.) (Prerequisite: 64-190.) (2 lecture hours a week.)
Properties of waves, atomic structure, wave nature of matter. This course is recommended for students in the Faculty of Engineering, and is not available for credit toward a B.Sc. honours or general degree in Physics. (Corequisites: 85-111 and 85-124 or equivalent.) (3 lecture, 1.5 laboratory hours a week.)
Introduction to electrostatics, D.C. circuits, magnetic induction, A.C. circuit theory in complex notation. (Prerequisites: 64-111 or 64-103 or equivalent, and 62-111 or 62-117, or consent of instructor.) (2 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
Electrostatic field and potential with applications to conductors and insulators. Magnetic effects of currents, electromagnetic induction. Introduction to Maxwell's equations and electromagnetic waves. (Prerequisite: 64-220; corequisite: 62-210 or 62-215 or equivalent.) (3 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
Geometrical optics: review of laws of reflection and refraction; lenses and mirrors (matrix optics); stops, optical systems, aberrations. Introduction to wave optics; interferometry, diffraction, polarization, Fresnel equations, elements of dispersion theory. (Prerequisites: 64-111 or 64-103 and 62-111 or 62-117 or equivalent.) (3 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
Newton's Laws, Galilean transformations, rotating reference frames, conservation laws, angular momentum and torque, driven oscillators with damping, dynamics of rigid bodies, inverse square forces, Lorentz transformation, relativistic kinematics and dynamics. (Prerequisite: 64-110 or equivalent and 64-151 or consent of instructor; corequisite: 62-210 or 62-215 or equivalent.) (3 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour a week.)
An introduction to digital and analog electronics. Binary numbers, Boolean algebra, gates, and digital logic, logic levels for various types of gate technology, logic circuits, decoders, multiplexers, flip-flops, counters, shift registers, half/full adder. Voltage and current sources, AC circuits, comparators, Schmitt trigger, timers, one-shots, wave shaping. Basics of feedback, operational amplifiers and applications, principle of superposition and Fournier analysis, active and passive filters, D/A and A/D conversion digital/analog multiplication, time-to-digital and voltage-to-frequency conversion, analog computing. (Prerequisite: 64-220; corequisite: 62-210 or 62-215 or equivalent.) (3 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
An introduction to physical processes with an impact on the environment. Topics include nuclear energy, energy conversion, alternative energy sources, and the atmosphere. The course is specifically designed for the non-physicist. (Prerequisite: any 100-level course in the Faculty of Science.) (2 lecture hours a week.)
A discussion of how modern physics has revolutionized our description of the structure of matter. Topics include the wave-particle duality, quantum theory, the nature of fundamental particles, implications for cosmology. Applications to lasers, holography, semiconductors and the computer revolution are discussed. The course is specifically designed for the non-scientist. (May not be taken for credit toward a B.Sc. degree.) (Prerequisite: any 100-level course in the Faculty of Science.) (2 lecture hours a week.)
Classical and quantum physics, relativistic physics, black-body radiation, photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, atomic structure, Schroedinger equation, particle in a box, harmonic oscillator. (Prerequisites: 62-215 and 62-216 or equivalents.) (3 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
Introduction to atomic and molecular spectroscopy, hydrogen and helium atoms, perturbation theory, introduction to nuclear physics. (Prerequisites: 64-310 or 64-314, 62-215, and 62-216, or equivalents.) (3 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
(Same as 64-310 without the laboratory.) Classical and quantum physics, black-body radiation, photoelectric effect, Compton scatterng, atomic structure, Schroedinger equation, particle in a box, harmonic oscillator. (Prerequisites: 64-221, 62-215, and 62-216 or equivalents.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
(Same as 64-311 without the laboratory.) Introduction to atomic and molecular spectroscopy, hydrogen and helium atoms, perturbation theory, introduction to nuclear physics. (Prerequisites: 64-310 or 64-314, 62-215, and 62-216 or equivalents.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Electrostatics, potential theory, boundary-value problems, Green functions, multipole expansion, electrostatics of ponderable media, magnetostatics. (Prerequisite: 64-221; corequisite: 62-360) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Plane electromagnetic waves in complex notation: propagation, refraction, and reflection at dielectric and metal interfaces; polarization, interference with dual and multiple beams, Fourier spectroscopy, and related instruments. Bounded waves and radiation; wave guides, antennas, transmission lines; propagation of pulses. (Prerequisites: 64-221, 64-222, and 62-218.) (3 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
The nature of heat, the first, second, and third laws of thermodynamics and their applications, equation of state, Maxwell's relations and applications of thermodynamics to the properties of matter. Kinetic theory; statistical mechanics and the statistical interpretation of thermodynamics; Boltzmann, Fermi, and Bose distributions; applications. (Prerequisites: 64-111, 62-215, and 62-216 or equivalents.) (3 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour a week.)
Dynamics of particles and systems of particles; variational principles; Lagrange's equations of motion and applications; Poincaré phase plane analysis; motion in a central potential and scattering theory; theory of small oscillations; rigid body motion. (Prerequisites: 64-250, 62-215, and 62-216 or equivalents.) (3 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour a week.)
Special relativity; Hamilton's equations of motion; canonical transformations; canonical perturbation theory; continuous systems and fields. (Prerequisite: 64-350.) (3 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour a week.)
Basic concepts of solid state physics and applications. Atoms and energy levels, levels in crystalline solids, energy bands, conduction mechanisms, doping, p-n junction, various types of diodes, and typical circuits. Bipolar transistor, collector characteristic, operating point, small-signal parameters, single-transistor circuits, field-effect transistors, multiple-transistor circuits. LSI device principles and applications. (Prerequisite: 64-261.) (2 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)
Review of basic kinetic theory of gases; transport phenomena, viscous and molecular flow; principles and applications of vacuum pumps, vacuum gauges, and other components; leak detection; mass spectrometers and electronic accessories; applications to optical coating, space simulation, and cryogenics research; typical experiments involving charged and neutral particle beams. (Prerequisite: 62-216 or equivalent.) (2 lecture hours a week.)
Performance and written report of two experiments. The student should normally spend nine hours a week in the laboratory. One experiment may be replaced by a supervised project in a research laboratory, subject to the approval of the laboratory supervisor. (Prerequisite: 64-311.)
Similar to 64-412. Students taking both 64-412 and 64-413 normally will be allowed only one research project in total. (Prerequisite: 64-311.)
Macroscopic media, time-varying fields, Maxwell equations for microscopic and macroscopic cases, conservation laws, tensor fields, dynamics of relativistic particles, electromagnetic fields, collisions between charged particles, and Liénard-Wiechert potentials. (Prerequisites: 64-321, 64-351, and 62-360 or equivalents.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Radiation by moving charges, scattering of radiation, synchrotron radiation, bremsstrahlung, multipole fields, radiation reaction. (Prerequisites: 64-420 and 62-360 or equivalents.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Review of atomic collisions and kinetic theory, motion of charged particles, elementary processes in the production and decay of ionization in gases, plasma waves and oscillations, transport processes, elements of magnetohydrodynamic stability theory. Applications of plasma physics. (Prerequisites: 64-311 or 64-315, and 62-360.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Emission and absorption of optical radiation, the widths of spectral lines, stimulated emission and transition probabilities, atomic structure and angular momentum coupling, the Zeeman effect, introduction to molecular spectroscopy. (Prerequisites: 64-322 and 64-450.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Probability amplitudes and transformations; operators and physical observables; symmetries and conservation theorems; time-development operator and Dyson expansion; two-state systems, density matrices; perturbation theory and the variational method; identical particles, spin, the Thomas-Fermi atom. (Prerequisites: 64-315, 64-350, and 62-360 or consent of instructor.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Scattering in one and three dimensions, the S matrix, partial waves, scattering phase shifts; JWKB approximation; the harmonic oscillator with annihilation and creation operators; Schroedinger, Heisenberg, and interaction pictures; matrix mechanics and Hilbert space; angular momenta and rotations. (Prerequisite: 64-450.) (3 lectures a week.)
Elements of crystallography, crystal diffraction, reciprocal lattices, lattice dynamics and thermal properties of solids, phonons, solution of Schroedinger equation in periodic potential, band theory, Fermi surfaces of metals and semiconductors, optical properties of dielectrics. (Prerequisite: 64-314 or consent of instructor.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Long-lived particles; basic interactions and antiparticles; conservation laws and C, P, T; pions and nucleons; magnetic moments; strange particles; leptons; resonances; SU(3) multiplets of hadrons; Regge poles, SU(6), and quarks. (Corequisite: 64-451.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Curved spacetime, an introduction to differential geometry, general covariance, Riemann tensor, Einstein field equations. (Prerequisite: 64-250 or consent of the instructor.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Definition of thin films and their classification; methods of preparation; elements of high-vacuum technology; thin film formation, structure and methods of investigation; mechanical, optical, electrical properties of thin films and their application in modern technology. (Prerequisites: 64-311 or 64-220, and 64-222, or three years of Electrical Engineering or Engineering Materials, or equivalent.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Stimulated emission, rate equation approach to amplification and output power calculations; Gaussian beams, stable and unstable resonators, Q-switching, mode-locking and cavity dumping, ruby, Nd:YAG and other solid-state lasers, semi-conductor, gas and dye lasers. (Prerequisites: 64-311 or 64-220, and 64-222, or three years of Electrical Engineering or Engineering Materials, or equivalent.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Physics of the atmosphere, general description and layering, interactions of incoming and outgoing radiations, greenhouse effect, atmospheric thermodynamics and stability, cloud physics, atmospheric dynamics, gravity waves and turbulence, atmospheric photochemistry, ozone layer, upper atmosphere, plasma and hydromagnetic effects, ionosphere, air glow and aurora. (Prerequisite: 64-311 or 64-315 or consent of the instructor.) (3 lecture hours a week.)
Non-relativistic theory of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields. Review of matrix optics, electrostatic lenses, magnetic lenses, electrostatic and magnetic vector fields. Applications to energy and mass analysis. The Liouville theorem and its consequences. Dense electron beams and applications. (Prerequisites: 64-250, 64-221, 62-215, and 62-216 or equivalents.) (2 lecture hours a week.)