8.9 Mechanical and Materials Engineering

8.9.1OFFICERS OF INSTRUCTION

Professors Emeriti

Reif, Zygmunt Francis; B.Sc. (Eng.), Ph.D. (London), P.Eng.—1969.

McDonald, Thomas William; B.Sc., M.Sc. (Queen's), Ph.D. (Purdue), P.Eng.—1968.

Sridhar, Krishnaswamy; B.Sc. (Madras U.) D.M.I.T. (Madras Inst. of Technology), M.A.Sc., Ph.D. (Toronto), P.Eng.—1963.

Youdelis, William V.; B.Sc. (Alberta), M.Eng., Ph.D. (McGill), P.Eng.—1965.

Professors

North, Walter P.T.; B.Sc. (Queen's), M.Sc. (Saskatchewan), Ph.D. (Illinois), P.Eng.—1965.

Watt, Daniel Frank; B.Sc. (Alberta), Ph.D. (McMaster), P.Eng.—1969.

Northwood, Derek Owen; B.Sc. (Eng.), A.R.S.M. (London), M.Sc. (Part I), Ph.D. (Surrey), F.I.M., F.A.S.M., FIMMA, F.I.E. Aust., CP Eng (Australia), P. Eng.—1976.

Rankin, Gary W.; B.A.Sc., M.A.Sc., Ph.D. (Windsor), P. Eng.—1980.

Wilson, Norman W.; B.Eng., M.Eng. (McMaster), Ph.D. (Wales), P.Eng.—1980. (Head of the Department)

Alpas, Ahmet T.; B.Sc., M.Sc. (Middle East Tech.), Ph.D. (Open Univ. U.K.), P.Eng—1989.

Associate Professors

Gaspar, Robert George Stephen; B.A.Sc., M.A.Sc., Ph.D. (Windsor), P.Eng.—1983.

Zhang, Chao; B.Sc., M.Sc. (Xi'an Jiaotong), Ph.D. (UNB), P.Eng.—1990.

Sokolowski, Jerzy Hieronim; M.M.E., Ph.D. (Tech. U. of Silesia)—1993. (Ford-NSERC Industrial Chair in Light Metals Casting)

Adjunct Professors

Chao, Benjamin S.; B.S., M.S., Ph.D. (Syracuse)—1990.

Hageniers, Omer L.; B.A.Sc., M.A.Sc., Ph.D. (Windsor), P.Eng.—1973.

Knalighi, Bahram; B.S. (Arya-Mehr), M.S., Ph.D. (Iowa)—1993.

Kumar, Kurichi R.; B.E. (Madras), M.A.Sc., Ph.D. (Windsor)—1993.

Pryor, Timothy R.; B.E.S. (Johns Hopkins), M.S. (Illinois), Ph.D., D.Sc. (Windsor)—1973.

Yamauchi, Hisao; B.Eng. (Tokyo), M.S., Ph.D. (Northwestern), P.Eng.—1980.

Cross-Appointments:

Barron, Ronald Michael; B.A., M.Sc. (Windsor), M.S. (Stanford), Ph.D. (Carleton)—1975.

Zamani, Nader G.; B.Sc. (Case Western), M.Sc., Ph.D. (Brown)—1986.

El Maraghy, Hoda A.; B.Eng. (Cairo), M.Eng., Ph.D. (McMaster), P.Eng.–1994. (Dean of the Faculty)

El Maraghy, Waguih; B.Eng. (Cairo), M.Eng., Ph.D. (McMaster), P.Eng.–1994.

8.9.2PROGRAM OF STUDY

Students may take a regular program in Mechanical Engineering, or they may specialize in the Engineering Materials Option described below.

Mechanical engineers are responsible for the design, construction, maintenance, and operation of machines and systems of machines. They create, plan, do research, supervise, analyze, and generally act as the professionals of mechanical technology.

The mechanical engineer's knowledge and skills are needed in many industries, such as: heating, ventilating, and air conditioning; transportation; power generation and distribution; metal production and processing; pulp and paper manufacturing; and chemical and electrical equipment. Mechanical engineers commonly go beyond the limits of purely mechanical work. They are found at all levels of management in private industry and the public sector.

Students in the regular program may specialize by selecting four elective courses. These courses may be selected from those offered in the areas of: air conditioning; dynamics and stress analysis; vibrations and noise; and gas dynamics and turbomachinery.

Students interested in the Engineering Materials Option are able to begin their specialized studies in the Summer term of their third year. The Option includes a series of four required and two elective courses. Engineering Materials courses include modern developments in such areas as lightweight composites, high temperature materials, surface treatments, materials with special electrical, optical, and/or magnetic properties, and novel processing techniques.

Note: The baccalaureate degree program in Mechanical Engineering is accredited by the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board of the Canadian Council of Professional Engineers.

FIRST YEAR

The Fall and Winter terms are common to all Engineering program (see 8.4.1). In the Summer term, Co-op students also will register in 85-198 (Work Term I).

SECOND YEAR

Fall Term

Lect.

Lab

Wt.

85-211.(Comp.-Aided Analysis II)

3

1.5

3.75

85-212.(Thermodynamics I)

3

1.5

3.75

85-214.(Networks & Systems)

3

1.5

3.75

85-217.(Mech. of Def. Bodies I)

2

2

3.00

92-210.(Dynamics)

3

2

4.00

62-215.(Vector Calculus)

3

1

3.50

Winter Term

Lect.

Lab

Wt.

85-222.(Treatment of Expt. Data)

3

1

3.50

85-233.(Fluid Mechanics I)

3

1

3.50

87-227.(Mech. of Def. Bod. II)

3

2

3.00

92-222.(Comp.-Aided A & D)

3

2

4.00

41-117.(Intro. Economics)

3

1

3.50

62-216.(Differential Equations)

3

1

3.50

Summer Term

(Co-op students only)

85-298.(Work Term II)

THIRD YEAR

Fall Term

Lect.

Lab

Wt.

85-313.(Engrg. Economy)

3

1.5

3.75

92-220.(Machine Dynamics)

3

2

4.00

92-315.(Mechanical Vibrations)

3

2

4.00

92-316.(Heat Transfer I)

3

2

4.00

92-317.(Applied Thermodyn.)

3

2

4.00

92-320.(Fluid Mechanics II)

3

2

4.00

Winter Term

(Co-op students only)

85-398.(Work Term III)

Summer Term—Mechanical Program

Lect.

Lab

Wt.

92-311.(Stress Analysis I)

3

2

4.00

92-321.(Control Theory I)

3

1

3.50

92-322.(Comp.-Aided A & D)

2

3

3.50

92-324.(Engrg. Measurements)

3

3

4.50

92-326.(Heat Transfer II)

2

2

3.00

92-401.(Project and Seminar)

0

6

6.00

Summer Term—Materials Option

Lect.

Lab

Wt.

89-330.(Materials & Properties)

3

2

4.00

89-331.(Thermo. & Kinetics)

3

2

4.00

Materials Technical Elective **

Lect.

Lab

Wt.

92-311.(Stress Analysis I)

3

2

4.00

92-321.(Control Theory I)

3

1

3.50

92-326.(Heat Transfer II)

2

2

3.00

FOURTH YEAR

Fall Term

(Co-op students only)

85-498.(Work Term IV)

Winter Term—Mechanical Program

Lect.

Lab

Wt.

92-401.(Project & Seminar)

0

6

6.00

92-411.(Machine Design I)

2

3

3.50

42-200.(Resource Mgmt.)

3

0

3.00

Mechanical Technical Elective*

Mechanical Technical Elective*

Non-technical Elective (see 8.10.1)

Winter Term—Materials Option

Lect.

Lab

Wt.

89-401.(Project & Seminar)

0

6

6.00

89-420.(Ceramic Materials)

3

1

3.50

89-421.(Deformation & Fracture)

3

2

4.00

92-411.(Machine Design I)

2

3

3.50

42-200.(Resource Mgmt.)

3

0

3.00

Non-technical Elective (see 8.10.1)

Summer Term—Mechanical Program

Lect.

Lab

Wt.

85-421.(Engrg. and Society)

3

0

3.00

92-412.(Control Theory II)

2

3

3.50

92-421.(Machine Design II)

2

3

3.50

92-459.(Comp.-Aided Anal. Tools)

2

3

3.50

Mechanical Technical Elective*

Mechanical Technical Elective*

Summer Term—Materials Option

Lect.

Lab

Wt.

85-421.(Engrg. and Society)

3

0

3.00

92-322.(Comp.-Aided A & D)

2

3

3.50

92-324.(Engrg. Measurements)

3

3

4.50

92-421.(Machine Design II)

2

3

3.50

89-401.(Project & Seminar)

0

6

6.00

Materials Technical Elective**

* Not all Mechanical Technical Electives are given each year or in both terms.

MECHANICAL TECHNICAL ELECTIVES

Lect.

Lab

Wt

92-450.(Gas Dynamics)

2

1.5

2.75

92-451.(Turbomachines)

2

1.5

2.75

92-452.(Energy Conversion)

2

1.5

2.75

92-453.(Air Conditioning)

2

1.5

2.75

92-454.(A/C Systems Design)

2

1.5

2.75

92-455.(Noise)

2

1.5

2.75

92-456.(Mechanical Vibration II)

2

1.5

2.75

92-457.(Dynamics)

2

1.5

2.75

92-458.(Stress Analysis II)

2

1.5

2.75

** Not all Materials Technical Electives are given each year or in both terms.

MATERIALS TECHNICAL ELECTIVES

Lect.

Lab

Wt.

89-430.(Materials Degradation)

3

1

3.50

89-431.(Electronic Materials)

3

1

3.50

89-432.(Modern Steels)

3

1

3.50

89-433.(Phys. Metallurgical Proc.)

2

2

3.00

89-434.(Polymers)

3

1

3.50

8.9.3COURSE DESCRIPTIONS—

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

92-210.Dynamics

Topics in dynamics of rigid bodies. Forces and accelerations, energy and momentum methods for rigid bodies in plane motion. Motion of rigid bodies in three dimensions. (Prerequisite: 85-122.) (3 lecture, 2 tutorial hours a week.)

92-220.Machine Dynamics

Linkages of flexible connectors, cams, toothed gearing, intermittent motion mechanisms,trains of mechanisms, static and dynamic analysis of mechanical flywheels, balancing of rotating and reciprocating masses. (Prerequisite: 92-210.) (3 lecture, 2 tutorial hours a week.)

92-222.Computer-Aided Analysis and Design

Simulation and analysis of lumped parameter systems; parameter optimization in a design study using numerical solutions to the governing equations; introduction to computer-aided design packages. (Prerequisite: 85-211.) (3 lecture, 2 laboratory or tutorial hours a week.)

92-311.Stress Analysis I

Theory of failure, stress concentration, energy methods, curved beams, thick cylinders, flat plates, torsion of noncircular sections. Introduction to finite element methods. (Prerequisite: 87-227.) (3 lecture, 2 laboratory hours a week.)

92-315.Mechanical Vibrations

Free, damped, and forced vibration of single and multi-degree of freedom systems with discrete masses. Exact and approximate methods of solution. Vibration isolation, vibration transducers, use of computers in vibration analysis. (3 lecture, 2 tutorial hours a week.)

92-316.Heat Transfer I

Introduction to conduction, convection, and radiation. Steady state and transient system analysis using both exact and approximate solution techniques. (3 lecture, 2 laboratory hours a week.)

92-317.Applied Thermodynamics

Ideal gas mixtures and psychrometrics. Reacting mixtures and combustion. Power cycles, refrigeration and heat pump cycles. (Prerequisite: 85-212.) ( 3 lecture, 2 laboratory/tutorial hours a week.)

92-320.Fluid Mechanics II

Navier-Stokes equations and some exact solutions, external flows boundary layer over a flat plate, drag forces; turbulent flows in pipes and mixing length theory, flow measurement, compressible flows and introduction to potential flows. (Prerequisite: 85-233.) (3 lecture, 2 laboratory/tutorial hours a week.)

92-321.Control Theory I

Control system concepts, linear modelling and analysis of response and stability of physical systems, complex variables and Laplace transforms, frequency, and transient response analysis and performance specifications. (Prerequisites: 62-215 and 62-216.) (3 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour a week.)

92-322.Computer-Aided Analysis and Design of Thermal Systems

Computer based and classical optimization techniques including Lagrange multipliers, search methods and geometric, linear and dynamic programming with application to the analysis and design of thermo-fluid systems. (Prerequisites: 92-222 and 92-317.) (2 lecture, 3 laboratory/tutorial hours a week.)

92-324. Engineering Measurements

Basic concepts in instrumentation; error analysis; instrumentation and measurement systems including sensors, transducer, signal conditioning and display; microcomputer-based data acquisition and analysis. (Prerequisite: 85-222.) (3 lecture, 3 laboratory/tutorial hours a week.)

92-326.Heat Transfer II

An extension of the fundamentals introduced in 92-316 with applications involving the synthesis, design and optimization of heat exchange equipment. (Prerequisite: 92-316.) (2 lecture, 2 laboratory/tutorial hours a week.)

92-401.Project and Seminar

Each student working either individually or in a small group shall undertake an assigned project during the third and fourth years of study. If a student wishes to undertake a project of his or her own choice, such a project must be approved by the Department Head. (6 laboratory hours a week; offered over two terms.) (A 6.0 credit hour course.)

92-411.Machine Design I

Philosophy of machine design. Design factor/reliability relationships. Contemporary fatigue analysis, including low- and high-cycle, triaxial state of non-reversed stress and fatigue damage, with applications of selected mechanical elements. (Prerequisite: 92-311.) (2 lecture, 3 laboratory hours a week.)

92-412.Control Theory II

Design of compensators, non-linear control systems, describing function, phase plane, analogue and digital simulation, limit cycles, digital control, D-A converters, z-transforms, sequential control. (Prerequisite: 92-321.) (2 lecture, 3 laboratory/tutorial hours a week.)

92-421.Machine Design II

The principles of machine design and the design of machine elements. Major emphasis is placed on reliability, fatigue and fracture design using a case study approach. Design topics are selected from: bearing lubrication, springs, fasteners, flexible machine elements and power transfer systems. (Prerequisite: 92-411.) (2 lecture, 3 tutorial hours a week.)

92-459.Computer-Aided Analysis Tools

Three-dimensional graphics; fundamentals of finite element methods for problem solving in heat transfer, solids, and trusses using finite element computer programs. (Prerequisite: 92-222.) (2 lecture, 3 laboratory/tutorial hours a week.)

MECHANICAL TECHNICAL ELECTIVES

Some of these courses may not be offered in any given year.

92-450.Gas Dynamics

Basic concepts and flow equations, one dimensional flows, isentropic flows in variable area ducts, constant area duct flows, Fanno and Rayleigh lines, normal shock, nozzles and diffusers, oblique shock, measurements. (Prerequisite: 92-320.) (2 lecture, 1.5 tutorial hours a week.)

92-451.Turbomachines

Dimensional analysis and similitude; definitions of efficiency, two dimensional analysis of axial flow turbines and compressors, three dimensional flow, centrifugal pumps and compressors. (Prerequisite: 92-450.) (2 lecture, 1.5 laboratory/tutorial hours a week.)

92-452.Energy Conversion Systems

Survey of energy resources and their availability. Energy conversion systems, their operating characteristics, capabilities and limitations. (Prerequisite: 92-317.) (2 lecture, 1.5 tutorial hours a week.)

92-453.Air Conditioning

Principles of environmental comfort control, applied psychrometrics, load calculations, air distribution system design. (Prerequisite: 92-317.) (2 lecture, 1.5 laboratory hours a week.)

92-454.Air Conditioning Systems Design

Computer methods in energy analysis and duct design, heat recovery devices, capital and operating costs. (Prerequisite: 92-453.) (2 lecture, 1.5 laboratory hours a week.)

92-455.Environmental Effects and Control of Noise

Physical properties of sound and noise, measurement of noise, noise control, hearing characteristics and environmental effects of noise. (2 lecture, 1.5 tutorial/laboratory hours a week.)

92-456.Mechanical Vibrations II

Vibration of bodies with distributed mass. Exact and approximate methods of solution. Whirling of shafts. Vibration maintenance engineering. Introduction to non-linear vibration. (Prerequisite: 92-315.) (2 lecture, 1.5 tutorial/laboratory hours a week.)

92-457.Dynamics

Kinematics of particles and rigid bodies. Dynamics of particles, systems of particles and rigid bodies, with applications to engineering problems. The gyroscopic effect. Introduction to variational methods. Lagrange's equations, Hamilton's principle. (2 lecture, 1.5 tutorial hours a week.)

92-458.Stress Analysis II

Two-dimensional theory of elasticity, torsion of non-circular sections, and methods of experimental stress analysis. (Prerequisite: 92-311.) (2 lecture, 1.5 tutorial/laboratory hours a week.)

Other electives may be chosen in consultation with the Department members and approved by the Department Head.

Courses taken in other Engineering departments will be found in the departmental listing for those particular courses; for courses in General Engineering, see 8.5; for non-Engineering courses, see 8.10.

8.9.4COURSE DESCRIPTIONS—

MATERIALS OPTION

89-330.Materials and Their Properties

The relationship of the engineering properties of materials to their atomic structure, bonding, crystal structure, imperfections and microstructure. The processing of materials to produce required structure and properties. Includes consideration of crystal structure determination, phase diagrams, diffusion, phase transformations, solidification, heat treatment and deformation. The laboratory is a term-long project designed to familiarize students with the use of materials-related equipment commonly found in industrial and research laboratories. (3 lecture, 2 laboratory hours a week.)

89-331.Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Materials

Thermodynamics: review of First and Second Laws, gas laws, humidity, thermochemistry, entropy, reversible and irreversible processes, equilibrium criteria, Gibbs free energy, activity and activity coefficient, solution thermodynamics, Raoult's and Henry's Laws, Gibbs-Duhem equation, alloy phase equilibria, free energy-composition diagrams, Ellingham diagrams.

Kinetics: empirical treatment for homogeneous reaction rates, reaction order and specific rate constant, activation energy, Arrhenius' Law, energy distribution in reacting systems, heterogeneous reactions.

Selected problems in materials processing to illustrate theory. (3 lecture, 2 laboratory hours a week.)

89-401.Project and Seminar

Materials research project related either to development work and problem-solving, or to an area of current graduate research. Course requirements include three seminars and a final report. The student seminars focus on problem identification, review of existing knowledge, design of experiment(s), equipment construction, data collection, and presentation and interpretation of results. (6 laboratory hours a week; offered over two terms.)

89-420.Ceramic Materials

Uses of traditional and advanced ceramics. Monolithic and composite ceramics. Comparison of ceramics with metals and alloys. Processing: raw material preparation, forming techniques, theory and practice of sintering, quality control. Properties: modulus of rupture, creep, corrosion, erosion, and electrical, magnetic and optical properties. (3 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hours a week.)

89-421.Deformation and Fracture

Introduction to basic plasticity theory and its application to common metal forming and metal cutting processes. Fracture mechanics and its applications in brittle and ductile fracture, creep and fatigue, for purposes of design and of analysis. (3 lecture, 2 laboratory hours a week.)

MATERIALS OPTION TECHNICAL ELECTIVES

89-430.Materials Degradation: Corrosion and Wear

Factors affecting and determining performance of materials under corrosive and abrasive conditions. Design for corrosion and wear control by use of surface protective treatments, environment modification and special property materials. The laboratory is a term-long study of a real-life corrosion problem. (3 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour a week.)

89-431.Electronic Materials

Uses of materials in electronic devices. Histories of semiconductor devices (from transistors to 16Mb RAM) and superconductors (from Hg to high Tc La-Sr-Cu oxides). Electron theories: the electron as a wave, tunnel effect, thermionic and field emission of electrons, band theory, impurity levels in semiconductors, junctions, tunnel diode. Principles of semiconductor devices. VLSI process technology. Principles of sensors. Dielectric, piezoelectric, pyroelectric, ferroelectric, optoelectronic, ferrimagnetic and ferromagnetic materials. Superconductive microelectronic devices. (3 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour a week.)

89-432.Modern Steels

An overview of developments in materials, manufacturing processes and applications for modern steels. Classes and classifications of steels, effects of alloy additions and control of microstructure. In-depth studies of high strength low alloy (HSLA), dual-phase, ultra-high strength, stainless and tool steels. The laboratory is an individual assignment on one type of steel. (3 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour a week.)

89-433.Physical Metallurgical Processes

Application of diffusion theory to diffusion-controlled processes; solidification principles and application to foundry problems—segregation in castings; heat transfer processes. Selected problems to illustrate theory. (2 lecture, 2 tutorial hours a week.)

89-434.Polymers

The structure, properties, and processing of polymers (plastics) with emphasis on polymer forming processes, including extrusion, injection molding, blowmolding, and thermoforming, including tours of local industry. Fabrication and properties of composites with a polymer base. (3 lecture hours, 1 laboratory hour a week.)

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