Hasty Generalization: the sample is too small to support an inductive generalization
Unrepresentative Sample: the sample is unrepresentative of the population 
False Analogy: the two objects or events being compared are dissimilar 
Slothful Induction: the conclusion of a strong inductive argument is denied despite the evidence
Fallacy of Exclusion: evidence which changes the outcome of an inductive argument is excluded
Accident: a generalization is followed when circumstances suggest otherwise 
Converse Accident : generalization from a few atypical cases 

Rigidity in our thinking can lead to "Accident." Sometimes there is a reasonable justification for making an exception to a rule (i.e., return the gun).

Assuming all the apples in a basket are good just because the top row is good is generalizing from a few atypical cases...Converse Accident

Because a few scientists fudge you can't assume that the whole scientific endeavour is untrustworthy. Converse Accident