| Technique | LITMUS MILK ,(/,)/,( | 
| Principle | This test will determine five
        characteristics 1: Acid reaction turns pink to show fermentation of lactose 2: Alkaline reaction turn blue to show proteolysis 3: white colour shows litmus has acted as electron acceptor 4: coagulation or curd formation shows acid production from lactose or renin production 5: Peptoization shows curd digestion by casein hydrolysis bromocresol purple can replace the litmus methylene blue can be used as a redox indicator instead of litmus. | 
| Cautions | Unless a change takes place in the appearance of the medium, one cannot be sure that growth has occurred. | 
| Method | |
| Results | |
| Positive control | |
| Negative control | |
| Reagents | |
| Reference |